TY - JOUR
T1 - β-Defensin 2, an Antimicrobial Peptide, as a Novel Biomarker for Ulcerative Interstitial Cystitis; Can β-Defensin 2 Suspect the Dysbiosis of Urine Microbiota?
AU - Lee, Sang Wook
AU - Kim, Si Hyun
AU - Lee, Kwang Woo
AU - Kim, Woong Bin
AU - Choi, Hae Woong
AU - Moon, Ji Eun
AU - Moon, Ahrim
AU - Kim, Young Ho
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the “Soonchunhyang University Research Fund (10210047)”.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - As urine is not sterile, inflammatory reactions caused by dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota may induce interstitial cystitis. A study was conducted to determine whether β-defensin 2 (BD-2), a specific antimicrobial peptide in the bladder, could be used as a novel diagnostic marker for ulcerative interstitial cystitis (IC). Urine samples from three female groups were examined: healthy controls (n = 34, Control group), non-Hunner type IC (n = 40, NHIC group), and Hunner type IC (n = 68, HIC group). Urine samples were collected via a transurethral catheter and assayed for BD-2 levels using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Under general or regional anesthesia, cystoscopy with diagnostic and therapeutic hydrodistension was performed in NHIC and HIC groups patients. These patients underwent a biopsy of the bladders. Based on the urinary specimens from 142 patients, BD-2 expression was found to be 18-fold higher in patients with Hunner type IC than in patients with non-Hunner type IC. The enhanced secretion of BD-2 exhibited a strong correlation with increased mast cell counts associated with bladder IC pathology. Enhanced urinary secretion of the antimicrobial peptide BD-2 from Hunner type IC patients associated with clinical phenotypes and demonstrated relatively robust levels to be used as a potential biomarker. Moreover, the increased urinary level of BD-2 may suggest a new possibility of biomarkers caused by dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota in ulcerative IC.
AB - As urine is not sterile, inflammatory reactions caused by dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota may induce interstitial cystitis. A study was conducted to determine whether β-defensin 2 (BD-2), a specific antimicrobial peptide in the bladder, could be used as a novel diagnostic marker for ulcerative interstitial cystitis (IC). Urine samples from three female groups were examined: healthy controls (n = 34, Control group), non-Hunner type IC (n = 40, NHIC group), and Hunner type IC (n = 68, HIC group). Urine samples were collected via a transurethral catheter and assayed for BD-2 levels using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Under general or regional anesthesia, cystoscopy with diagnostic and therapeutic hydrodistension was performed in NHIC and HIC groups patients. These patients underwent a biopsy of the bladders. Based on the urinary specimens from 142 patients, BD-2 expression was found to be 18-fold higher in patients with Hunner type IC than in patients with non-Hunner type IC. The enhanced secretion of BD-2 exhibited a strong correlation with increased mast cell counts associated with bladder IC pathology. Enhanced urinary secretion of the antimicrobial peptide BD-2 from Hunner type IC patients associated with clinical phenotypes and demonstrated relatively robust levels to be used as a potential biomarker. Moreover, the increased urinary level of BD-2 may suggest a new possibility of biomarkers caused by dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota in ulcerative IC.
KW - Antimicrobial peptide
KW - Beta-defensins
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Interstitial cystitis
KW - Urine specimen collection
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119587154&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/diagnostics11112082
DO - 10.3390/diagnostics11112082
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85119587154
VL - 11
JO - Diagnostics
JF - Diagnostics
SN - 2075-4418
IS - 11
M1 - 2082
ER -