TY - JOUR
T1 - Analgesic Use and Patterns of Estrogen Metabolism in Premenopausal Women
AU - Fortner, Renée T.
AU - Oh, Hannah
AU - Daugherty, Sarah E.
AU - Xu, Xia
AU - Hankinson, Susan E.
AU - Ziegler, Regina G.
AU - Eliassen, A. Heather
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This study was supported by infrastructure grant UM1 CA176726 and research grants CA67262 and CA50385 from the National Cancer Institute and the Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics of the National Cancer Institute, and with federal funds of the National Cancer Institute awarded under contract HHSN261200800001E to SAIC-Frederick. RT Fortner and H Oh are supported in part by T32 CA09001. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Health and Human Services nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations that imply endorsement by the US government.
PY - 2014/4
Y1 - 2014/4
N2 - Analgesic use has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of some cancers, with inverse associations between analgesics and colon cancer, and suggestive inverse associations for breast cancer. Estrogen metabolites (EM) have genotoxic and estrogenic potential; genotoxicity may differ by hydroxylation pathway. Analgesic use may impact patterns of estrogen metabolism; effects of analgesics on disease risk could be mediated through these patterns. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 603 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II. Frequency of aspirin, non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen use was reported via questionnaire; average frequency in 1997 and 1999 was calculated. Women provided urine samples between 1996 and 1999, collected during the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Urinary EM were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We observed no association between analgesic use and estradiol, estrone, or specific pathways of estrogen metabolism. Women reporting more frequent aspirin use had lower methylated 2-catechols (e.g., 2-hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether, 2+ days/week vs. non-use: 0.95 vs. 1.21 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.01, ptrend = 0.07). Non-aspirin NSAID use was positively associated with 17-epiestriol (4+ days/week vs. non-use: 2.48 vs. 1.52 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.01, ptrend = 0.11). Acetaminophen use was positively associated with total EM (2+ days/week vs. non-use: 236 vs. 198 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.02, ptrend = 0.11), 2-hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether (1.6 vs. 1.1 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference < 0.01, ptrend = 0.02), and 16α-hydroxyestrone (17 vs. 12 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.01, ptrend = 0.05). This study provides the first assessment of analgesic use and patterns of estrogen metabolism in women. While we observed some associations between analgesics and individual EM, no clear patterns emerged.
AB - Analgesic use has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of some cancers, with inverse associations between analgesics and colon cancer, and suggestive inverse associations for breast cancer. Estrogen metabolites (EM) have genotoxic and estrogenic potential; genotoxicity may differ by hydroxylation pathway. Analgesic use may impact patterns of estrogen metabolism; effects of analgesics on disease risk could be mediated through these patterns. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 603 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II. Frequency of aspirin, non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen use was reported via questionnaire; average frequency in 1997 and 1999 was calculated. Women provided urine samples between 1996 and 1999, collected during the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Urinary EM were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We observed no association between analgesic use and estradiol, estrone, or specific pathways of estrogen metabolism. Women reporting more frequent aspirin use had lower methylated 2-catechols (e.g., 2-hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether, 2+ days/week vs. non-use: 0.95 vs. 1.21 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.01, ptrend = 0.07). Non-aspirin NSAID use was positively associated with 17-epiestriol (4+ days/week vs. non-use: 2.48 vs. 1.52 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.01, ptrend = 0.11). Acetaminophen use was positively associated with total EM (2+ days/week vs. non-use: 236 vs. 198 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.02, ptrend = 0.11), 2-hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether (1.6 vs. 1.1 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference < 0.01, ptrend = 0.02), and 16α-hydroxyestrone (17 vs. 12 pmol/mg creatinine; pdifference = 0.01, ptrend = 0.05). This study provides the first assessment of analgesic use and patterns of estrogen metabolism in women. While we observed some associations between analgesics and individual EM, no clear patterns emerged.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84897985121&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12672-013-0167-5
DO - 10.1007/s12672-013-0167-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 24407556
AN - SCOPUS:84897985121
SN - 1868-8497
VL - 5
SP - 104
EP - 112
JO - Hormones and Cancer
JF - Hormones and Cancer
IS - 2
ER -
