TY - JOUR
T1 - Biochar-supported nZVI (nZVI/BC) for contaminant removal from soil and water
T2 - A critical review
AU - Wang, Shengsen
AU - Zhao, Mingyue
AU - Zhou, Min
AU - Li, Yuncong C.
AU - Wang, Jun
AU - Gao, Bin
AU - Sato, Shinjiro
AU - Feng, Ke
AU - Yin, Weiqin
AU - Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani
AU - Oleszczuk, Patryk
AU - Wang, Xiaozhi
AU - Ok, Yong Sik
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41771349 ), the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology ( 2018K21 ), and the Laboratory Research Fund from the Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control/Ministry of Agriculture/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safeproduct (2017).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2019/7/5
Y1 - 2019/7/5
N2 - The promising characteristics of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) have not been fully exploited owing to intrinsic limitations. Carbon-enriched biochar (BC) has been widely used to overcome the limitations of nZVI and improve its reaction with environmental pollutants. This work reviews the preparation of nZVI/BC nanocomposites; the effects of BC as a supporting matrix on the nZVI crystallite size, dispersion, and oxidation and electron transfer capacity; and its interaction mechanisms with contaminants. The literature review suggests that the properties and preparation conditions of BC (e.g., pore structure, functional groups, feedstock composition, and pyrogenic temperature) play important roles in the manipulation of nZVI properties. This review discusses the interactions of nZVI/BC composites with heavy metals, nitrates, and organic compounds in soil and water. Overall, BC contributes to the removal of contaminants because it can attenuate contaminants on the surface of nZVI/BC; it also enhances electron transfer from nZVI to target contaminants owing to its good electrical conductivity and improves the crystallite size and dispersion of nZVI. This review is intended to provide insights into methods of optimizing nZVI/BC synthesis and maximizing the efficiency of nZVI in environmental cleanup.
AB - The promising characteristics of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) have not been fully exploited owing to intrinsic limitations. Carbon-enriched biochar (BC) has been widely used to overcome the limitations of nZVI and improve its reaction with environmental pollutants. This work reviews the preparation of nZVI/BC nanocomposites; the effects of BC as a supporting matrix on the nZVI crystallite size, dispersion, and oxidation and electron transfer capacity; and its interaction mechanisms with contaminants. The literature review suggests that the properties and preparation conditions of BC (e.g., pore structure, functional groups, feedstock composition, and pyrogenic temperature) play important roles in the manipulation of nZVI properties. This review discusses the interactions of nZVI/BC composites with heavy metals, nitrates, and organic compounds in soil and water. Overall, BC contributes to the removal of contaminants because it can attenuate contaminants on the surface of nZVI/BC; it also enhances electron transfer from nZVI to target contaminants owing to its good electrical conductivity and improves the crystallite size and dispersion of nZVI. This review is intended to provide insights into methods of optimizing nZVI/BC synthesis and maximizing the efficiency of nZVI in environmental cleanup.
KW - Biochar
KW - Electron transfer
KW - Heavy metals
KW - Nanoscale zero-valent iron
KW - Organic compounds
KW - Soil remediation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064072467&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.080
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.080
M3 - Article
C2 - 30981127
AN - SCOPUS:85064072467
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 373
SP - 820
EP - 834
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
ER -