TY - JOUR
T1 - Carbon microspheres with micro- and mesopores synthesized via spray pyrolysis for high-energy-density, electrical-double-layer capacitors
AU - Yoo, Yongju
AU - Park, Gi Dae
AU - Kang, Yun Chan
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) ( 2017R1D1A1B03034473 and NRF-2017R1A4A1014806 ).
PY - 2019/6/1
Y1 - 2019/6/1
N2 - The graphitic properties, optimized pore structure, and surface chemistry of carbon materials are important factors for developing high-performance supercapacitors. In this study, we synthesized partially graphitic carbon microspheres with large surface area and multimodal pore-size distribution (high amount of micropores and small amount of mesopores) using a facile spray pyrolysis process. Vanadium oxide-carbon microspheres were synthesized via spray pyrolysis at 1000 °C. Subsequently, selective etching of vanadium oxide using NH4OH solution resulted in porous carbon (PC) microspheres with large surface area and multimodal pore structure. The post-treatment process of PC microspheres at 900 °C in Ar atmosphere enabled not only the synthesis of partially graphitic carbon microsphere via graphitization, but also the elimination of organic functional groups at the carbon surface. The supercapacitor fabricated with post-treated PC microspheres (PC-900) with a voltage window of 2.5 V exhibited high specific capacitance (110 F g−1 at 30 A g−1) and excellent rate capability in an organic electrolyte. The PC-900 supercapacitor could also produce high energy density (23 Wh kg−1) even at high power density (42 kW kg−1). In addition, the PC-900 supercapacitor exhibited excellent cyclability with capacitance reduction of approximately 5% after 10,000 cycles.
AB - The graphitic properties, optimized pore structure, and surface chemistry of carbon materials are important factors for developing high-performance supercapacitors. In this study, we synthesized partially graphitic carbon microspheres with large surface area and multimodal pore-size distribution (high amount of micropores and small amount of mesopores) using a facile spray pyrolysis process. Vanadium oxide-carbon microspheres were synthesized via spray pyrolysis at 1000 °C. Subsequently, selective etching of vanadium oxide using NH4OH solution resulted in porous carbon (PC) microspheres with large surface area and multimodal pore structure. The post-treatment process of PC microspheres at 900 °C in Ar atmosphere enabled not only the synthesis of partially graphitic carbon microsphere via graphitization, but also the elimination of organic functional groups at the carbon surface. The supercapacitor fabricated with post-treated PC microspheres (PC-900) with a voltage window of 2.5 V exhibited high specific capacitance (110 F g−1 at 30 A g−1) and excellent rate capability in an organic electrolyte. The PC-900 supercapacitor could also produce high energy density (23 Wh kg−1) even at high power density (42 kW kg−1). In addition, the PC-900 supercapacitor exhibited excellent cyclability with capacitance reduction of approximately 5% after 10,000 cycles.
KW - Porous carbon microsphere
KW - Spray pyrolysis
KW - Sucrose
KW - Supercapacitor
KW - Vanadium oxide
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.036
DO - 10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.036
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85061259347
VL - 365
SP - 193
EP - 200
JO - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF - Chemical Engineering Journal
SN - 1385-8947
ER -