TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterizing nutrient uptake kinetics for efficient crop production during Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme Alef. Growth in a closed indoor hydroponic system
AU - Lee, Ju Yeon
AU - Rahman, Arifur
AU - Azam, Hossain
AU - Kim, Hyung Seok
AU - Kwon, Man Jae
N1 - Funding Information:
MJK and HSK were supported by the KIST Open Research Program (grant number,2E25701)(http://www.kist.re.kr) and a National Research Council of Science and Technology (NST) grant by the Korean Government (MSIP) (grant number, CRC-15-01-KIST)(http://www.nst.re.kr/ nst/index.jsp). JYL was partially supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (2015, University-Institute Cooperation Program)(http:// www.nrf.re.kr/nrf-eng-cms/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Lee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2017/5
Y1 - 2017/5
N2 - A balanced nutrient supply is essential for the healthy growth of plants in hydroponic systems. However, the commonly used electrical conductivity (EC)-based nutrient control for plant cultivation can provide amounts of nutrients that are excessive or inadequate for proper plant growth. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of major and minor nutrient uptake in a nutrient solution during the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme Alef.) in a closed hydroponic system. The concentrations of major and minor ions in the nutrient solution were determined by various analytical methods including inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), ion chromatography (IC), ion specific electrodes, and/or colorimetric methods. The concentrations of the individual nutrient ions were compared with changes in the EC. The EC of the nutrient solution varied according to the different growth stages of tomato plants. Variation in the concentrations of -3 , 2-4 , Mg2+ , Ca2+ , and K+ was similar to the EC variation. However, in the cases of 3-4 , Na+ , Cl- , dissolved Fe and Mn, Cu2+ , and Zn2+ , variation did not correspond with that of EC. These ions were generally depleted (to 0 mg L-1 ) during tomato growth, suggesting that these specific ions should be monitored individually and their supply increased. Nutrient uptake rates of major ions increased gradually at different growth stages until harvest (from < 3 mg L-1 d-1 to > 15 mg L-1 d-1 ). Saturation indices determined by MINEQL+ simulation and a mineral precipitation experiment demonstrated the potential for amorphous calcium phosphate precipitation, which may facilitate the abiotic adsorptive removal of dissolved Fe, dissolved Mn, Cu2+ , and Zn2+ .
AB - A balanced nutrient supply is essential for the healthy growth of plants in hydroponic systems. However, the commonly used electrical conductivity (EC)-based nutrient control for plant cultivation can provide amounts of nutrients that are excessive or inadequate for proper plant growth. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of major and minor nutrient uptake in a nutrient solution during the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme Alef.) in a closed hydroponic system. The concentrations of major and minor ions in the nutrient solution were determined by various analytical methods including inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), ion chromatography (IC), ion specific electrodes, and/or colorimetric methods. The concentrations of the individual nutrient ions were compared with changes in the EC. The EC of the nutrient solution varied according to the different growth stages of tomato plants. Variation in the concentrations of -3 , 2-4 , Mg2+ , Ca2+ , and K+ was similar to the EC variation. However, in the cases of 3-4 , Na+ , Cl- , dissolved Fe and Mn, Cu2+ , and Zn2+ , variation did not correspond with that of EC. These ions were generally depleted (to 0 mg L-1 ) during tomato growth, suggesting that these specific ions should be monitored individually and their supply increased. Nutrient uptake rates of major ions increased gradually at different growth stages until harvest (from < 3 mg L-1 d-1 to > 15 mg L-1 d-1 ). Saturation indices determined by MINEQL+ simulation and a mineral precipitation experiment demonstrated the potential for amorphous calcium phosphate precipitation, which may facilitate the abiotic adsorptive removal of dissolved Fe, dissolved Mn, Cu2+ , and Zn2+ .
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85019102070&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0177041
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0177041
M3 - Article
C2 - 28486501
AN - SCOPUS:85019102070
VL - 12
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 5
M1 - e0177041
ER -