Abstract
ABSTRACT: Comparing the coding and regulatory sequences of genes in different species provides information on whether proteins translated from genes have conserved functions or gene expressions are regulated by analogical mechanisms. Herein, we compared the coding and regulatory sequences of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) from humans, mice, and pigs. The GFAP gene encodes a class III intermediate filament protein expressed specifically in astrocytes of the central nervous system. On comparing the mRNA, regulatory region (promoter), and protein sequences of GFAP gene in silico, we found that GFAP mRNA 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR), promoter, and amino acid sequences showed higher similarities between humans and pigs than between humans and mice. In addition, the promoter-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that the pig GFAP promoter functioned in human astrocytes. Notably, the 1.8-kb promoter fragment upstream from transcription initiation site showed strongest transcriptional activity compared to 5.2-kb DNA fragment or other regions of GFAP promoter. We also found that pig GFAP mRNA and promoter activity increased in pig fibroblasts by human IL-1β treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that the regulatory mechanisms and functions of pig genes might be more similar to those of humans than mice, indicating that pigs, particularly miniature pigs, are a useful model for studying human biological and pathological events.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 126-132 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Animal Biotechnology |
| Volume | 27 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2016 Apr 2 |
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Keywords
- Astrocyte
- glial fibrillary acidic protein
- pig
- transcriptional regulatory elements
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Animal Science and Zoology
- Biotechnology
- Bioengineering
Cite this
Comparative Analysis of Human, Mouse, and Pig Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene Structures. / Eun, Kiyoung; Hwang, Seon Ung; Jeon, Hye Min; Hyun, Sang Hwan; Kim, Hyunggee.
In: Animal Biotechnology, Vol. 27, No. 2, 02.04.2016, p. 126-132.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparative Analysis of Human, Mouse, and Pig Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Gene Structures
AU - Eun, Kiyoung
AU - Hwang, Seon Ung
AU - Jeon, Hye Min
AU - Hyun, Sang Hwan
AU - Kim, Hyunggee
PY - 2016/4/2
Y1 - 2016/4/2
N2 - ABSTRACT: Comparing the coding and regulatory sequences of genes in different species provides information on whether proteins translated from genes have conserved functions or gene expressions are regulated by analogical mechanisms. Herein, we compared the coding and regulatory sequences of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) from humans, mice, and pigs. The GFAP gene encodes a class III intermediate filament protein expressed specifically in astrocytes of the central nervous system. On comparing the mRNA, regulatory region (promoter), and protein sequences of GFAP gene in silico, we found that GFAP mRNA 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR), promoter, and amino acid sequences showed higher similarities between humans and pigs than between humans and mice. In addition, the promoter-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that the pig GFAP promoter functioned in human astrocytes. Notably, the 1.8-kb promoter fragment upstream from transcription initiation site showed strongest transcriptional activity compared to 5.2-kb DNA fragment or other regions of GFAP promoter. We also found that pig GFAP mRNA and promoter activity increased in pig fibroblasts by human IL-1β treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that the regulatory mechanisms and functions of pig genes might be more similar to those of humans than mice, indicating that pigs, particularly miniature pigs, are a useful model for studying human biological and pathological events.
AB - ABSTRACT: Comparing the coding and regulatory sequences of genes in different species provides information on whether proteins translated from genes have conserved functions or gene expressions are regulated by analogical mechanisms. Herein, we compared the coding and regulatory sequences of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) from humans, mice, and pigs. The GFAP gene encodes a class III intermediate filament protein expressed specifically in astrocytes of the central nervous system. On comparing the mRNA, regulatory region (promoter), and protein sequences of GFAP gene in silico, we found that GFAP mRNA 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR), promoter, and amino acid sequences showed higher similarities between humans and pigs than between humans and mice. In addition, the promoter-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that the pig GFAP promoter functioned in human astrocytes. Notably, the 1.8-kb promoter fragment upstream from transcription initiation site showed strongest transcriptional activity compared to 5.2-kb DNA fragment or other regions of GFAP promoter. We also found that pig GFAP mRNA and promoter activity increased in pig fibroblasts by human IL-1β treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that the regulatory mechanisms and functions of pig genes might be more similar to those of humans than mice, indicating that pigs, particularly miniature pigs, are a useful model for studying human biological and pathological events.
KW - Astrocyte
KW - glial fibrillary acidic protein
KW - pig
KW - transcriptional regulatory elements
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84959344065&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84959344065&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/10495398.2015.1126719
DO - 10.1080/10495398.2015.1126719
M3 - Article
C2 - 26913554
AN - SCOPUS:84959344065
VL - 27
SP - 126
EP - 132
JO - Animal Biotechnology
JF - Animal Biotechnology
SN - 1049-5398
IS - 2
ER -