TY - JOUR
T1 - Distribution of galanin receptor 2b neurons and interaction with galanin in the zebrafish central nervous system
AU - Kim, Eunmi
AU - Jeong, Inyoung
AU - Kim, Suhyun
AU - Kim, Hwan Ki
AU - Lee, Dong Won
AU - Kim, Boa
AU - Seong, Jae Young
AU - Bae, Young Ki
AU - Ryu, Jae Ho
AU - Park, Hae Chul
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by a grant of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (A121793).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
PY - 2016/8/15
Y1 - 2016/8/15
N2 - Galanin is a multifunctional neuropeptide that is implicated in the modulation of physiological processes, including nociception, cognition, feeding behavior, neuronal growth, and reproduction. The physiological effects of galanin are mediated through its interaction with three different G protein-coupled receptors, i.e., GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3. Unlike mammals, zebrafish have four different receptors for galanin, diversified from GALR1 (GAL1a and GALR1b) and GALR2 (GALR2a and GALR2b). Despite the importance of galanin in the central nervous system (CNS), no information has been reported regarding GalR2 in zebrafish CNS. In this study, we found that galr2a is expressed at low levels in restricted areas of the brain; however, galr2b was widely expressed in CNS including olfactory bulb, midbrain tegmentum, preoptic region, dorsal thalamus, posterior tuberculum, postoptic commissure, hindbrain, and spinal cord. To further analyze the distribution of GALR2b neurons and their interaction with GAL, we generated Tg(galr2b:egfp) zebrafish, which express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of a galr2b promoter. Investigation of the CNS of transgenic reporter zebrafish revealed that galr2b:EGFP+ neurons are distributed and interact with galanin-immunoreactive (galanin-IR) cells in various regions of the brain and spinal cord. We found that in some regions of the brain and spinal cord, galanin-IR nerve cells were not observed near galr2b:EGFP neurons, suggesting that GALR2b may have the potential to interact with other ligands instead of galanin in these regions.
AB - Galanin is a multifunctional neuropeptide that is implicated in the modulation of physiological processes, including nociception, cognition, feeding behavior, neuronal growth, and reproduction. The physiological effects of galanin are mediated through its interaction with three different G protein-coupled receptors, i.e., GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3. Unlike mammals, zebrafish have four different receptors for galanin, diversified from GALR1 (GAL1a and GALR1b) and GALR2 (GALR2a and GALR2b). Despite the importance of galanin in the central nervous system (CNS), no information has been reported regarding GalR2 in zebrafish CNS. In this study, we found that galr2a is expressed at low levels in restricted areas of the brain; however, galr2b was widely expressed in CNS including olfactory bulb, midbrain tegmentum, preoptic region, dorsal thalamus, posterior tuberculum, postoptic commissure, hindbrain, and spinal cord. To further analyze the distribution of GALR2b neurons and their interaction with GAL, we generated Tg(galr2b:egfp) zebrafish, which express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of a galr2b promoter. Investigation of the CNS of transgenic reporter zebrafish revealed that galr2b:EGFP+ neurons are distributed and interact with galanin-immunoreactive (galanin-IR) cells in various regions of the brain and spinal cord. We found that in some regions of the brain and spinal cord, galanin-IR nerve cells were not observed near galr2b:EGFP neurons, suggesting that GALR2b may have the potential to interact with other ligands instead of galanin in these regions.
KW - Central nervous system
KW - Galanin
KW - Galanin receptor
KW - Neuropeptide
KW - Zebrafish
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84976351145&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.025
DO - 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.025
M3 - Article
C2 - 27315774
AN - SCOPUS:84976351145
SN - 0304-3940
VL - 628
SP - 153
EP - 160
JO - Neuroscience Letters
JF - Neuroscience Letters
ER -