TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of ginkgo biloba extract on cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells under chemical hypoxia
AU - Oh, Jong Hyun
AU - Oh, Jaeryung
AU - Togloom, Ariunaa
AU - Kim, Seong Woo
AU - Huh, Kuhl
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant from the Korea University (K1325641). The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.
PY - 2013/10
Y1 - 2013/10
N2 - Purpose: To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under chemical hypoxia. Materials and Methods: RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured in either untreated media (control group), media treated with 200μM cobalt chloride (hypoxia group) or media treated with both 200μM cobalt chloride and 100μg/ml GBE (hypoxia+GBE group) for various amounts of time. HIF-1α and VEGF expression were compared between groups. HIF-1α and VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA) were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HIF-1α of extracted nuclei and VEGF of the media were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of HIF-1α was also assessed with Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Results: HIF-1α mRNA, VEGF mRNA, HIF-1α and VEGF levels were higher in the hypoxia group compared with the control group; however, real-time PCR revealed decreased expression of HIF-1α mRNA and VEGF mRNA in the hypoxia+GBE group compared with the hypoxia group. In the ELISA, the HIF-1α and VEGF protein concentrations also decreased with GBE treatment. Western blot and immunostaining showed that the intensity of HIF-1α signals in the hypoxia+GBE group was lower than that of the hypoxia group. Conclusion: GBE reduced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in RPE cells cultured under chemical hypoxia in vitro.
AB - Purpose: To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under chemical hypoxia. Materials and Methods: RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured in either untreated media (control group), media treated with 200μM cobalt chloride (hypoxia group) or media treated with both 200μM cobalt chloride and 100μg/ml GBE (hypoxia+GBE group) for various amounts of time. HIF-1α and VEGF expression were compared between groups. HIF-1α and VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA) were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HIF-1α of extracted nuclei and VEGF of the media were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of HIF-1α was also assessed with Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Results: HIF-1α mRNA, VEGF mRNA, HIF-1α and VEGF levels were higher in the hypoxia group compared with the control group; however, real-time PCR revealed decreased expression of HIF-1α mRNA and VEGF mRNA in the hypoxia+GBE group compared with the hypoxia group. In the ELISA, the HIF-1α and VEGF protein concentrations also decreased with GBE treatment. Western blot and immunostaining showed that the intensity of HIF-1α signals in the hypoxia+GBE group was lower than that of the hypoxia group. Conclusion: GBE reduced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in RPE cells cultured under chemical hypoxia in vitro.
KW - Chemical hypoxia
KW - Ginkgo biloba extract
KW - Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
KW - Retinal pigment epithelial cell
KW - Vascular endothelial growth factor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84883191569&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84883191569&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/02713683.2013.804093
DO - 10.3109/02713683.2013.804093
M3 - Article
C2 - 23790153
AN - SCOPUS:84883191569
VL - 38
SP - 1072
EP - 1082
JO - Current Eye Research
JF - Current Eye Research
SN - 0271-3683
IS - 10
ER -