TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficacy of in situ well-based denitrification bio-barrier (WDB) remediating high nitrate flux in groundwater near a stock-raising complex
AU - Han, Kyungjin
AU - Yoon, Jonghyun
AU - Yeum, Yuhoon
AU - Park, Sunhwa
AU - Kim, Hyun Koo
AU - Kim, Moonsu
AU - Chung, Hyen Mi
AU - Kwon, Sooyoul
AU - Yun, Seong Taek
AU - Kim, Young
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Environment Research (NIER), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIER-SP2017-253). This research was also supported by a Korea University grant. This article has not been reviewed by this agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Environment Research (NIER), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea ( NIER-SP2017-253 ). This research was also supported by a Korea University grant. This article has not been reviewed by this agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred.
PY - 2020/3/15
Y1 - 2020/3/15
N2 - This study assessed the feasibility of an in situ well-based denitrification bio-barrier (WDB) for managing groundwater contaminated with high-strength nitrate. To evaluate the efficacy of WDB using fumarate as a carbon source and/or electron donor, three sequential single-well push-pull tests (SWPPTs) were conducted at six test sites. The values of the isotope enrichment factor (ɛ) ranging from −6.5‰ to −22.6‰ and the detection and degradation of nitrite and nitrous oxide confirmed complete in situ denitrification of nitrate to nitrogen gas. The ratio of the first-order rate coefficient of fumarate to nitrate (k1,fum/k1,NO3) was obtained to estimate the amount and frequency of fumarate injection for the effective design of WDB. At three sites, the ratios ranged from 0.67 to 0.80, while the other two sites showed higher ratios of 2.97 and 2.20 than the theoretical values and significant amounts of sulfate reduction, theoretically equivalent to 6.5% of total fumarate consumption. Considering the theoretical mole ratio of fumarate to nitrate of 0.98, the amount and frequency of fumarate injection is site specific. During the operating WDB, the average annual nitrate mass degraded (95% CI) was 2.2 ± 1.0 kg N/yr/well. The amount of N reduced by one well of WDB is equivalent to treating 110 m3 of groundwater at 30 mg N/L to the level of 10 mg N/L for one year. WDB would be an effective remediation option for managing high nitrate flux in groundwater.
AB - This study assessed the feasibility of an in situ well-based denitrification bio-barrier (WDB) for managing groundwater contaminated with high-strength nitrate. To evaluate the efficacy of WDB using fumarate as a carbon source and/or electron donor, three sequential single-well push-pull tests (SWPPTs) were conducted at six test sites. The values of the isotope enrichment factor (ɛ) ranging from −6.5‰ to −22.6‰ and the detection and degradation of nitrite and nitrous oxide confirmed complete in situ denitrification of nitrate to nitrogen gas. The ratio of the first-order rate coefficient of fumarate to nitrate (k1,fum/k1,NO3) was obtained to estimate the amount and frequency of fumarate injection for the effective design of WDB. At three sites, the ratios ranged from 0.67 to 0.80, while the other two sites showed higher ratios of 2.97 and 2.20 than the theoretical values and significant amounts of sulfate reduction, theoretically equivalent to 6.5% of total fumarate consumption. Considering the theoretical mole ratio of fumarate to nitrate of 0.98, the amount and frequency of fumarate injection is site specific. During the operating WDB, the average annual nitrate mass degraded (95% CI) was 2.2 ± 1.0 kg N/yr/well. The amount of N reduced by one well of WDB is equivalent to treating 110 m3 of groundwater at 30 mg N/L to the level of 10 mg N/L for one year. WDB would be an effective remediation option for managing high nitrate flux in groundwater.
KW - Biological heterotrophic denitrification
KW - Fumarate
KW - High-strength nitrate
KW - Well-based denitrification bio-barrier (WDB)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85077551293&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85077551293&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110004
DO - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110004
M3 - Article
C2 - 31929050
AN - SCOPUS:85077551293
SN - 0301-4797
VL - 258
JO - Journal of Environmental Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Management
M1 - 110004
ER -