Abstract
Background: Milnacipran is a balanced serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with minimal side effects and broad safety margin. It acts primarily on the descending inhibitory pain pathway in brain and spinal cord. In many animal studies, intrathecal administration of milnacipran is effective in neuropathic pain management. However, there is no study for the neurological safety of milnacipran when it is administered neuraxially. This study examined the neurotoxicity of epidural milnacipran by observing behavioral and sensory-motor changes with histopathological examinations of spinal cords in rats. Methods:Sixty rats were divided into 3 groups, with each group receiving epidural administration of either 0.3 ml (3 mg) of milnacipran (group M, n = 20), 0.3 ml of 40% alcohol (group A,n = 20), or 0.3 ml of normal saline (group S, n = 20). Results: There were no abnormal changes in the behavioral, sensory-motor, or histopathological findings in all rats of groups M and S over a 3-week observation period, whereas all rats in group A had abnormal changes. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the direct epidural administration of milnacipran in rats did not present any evidence of neurotoxicity in behavioral, sensory-motor and histopathological evaluations.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 228-237 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Korean Journal of Pain |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2012 Oct 1 |
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Keywords
- Epidural injection
- Milnacipran
- Neurotoxicity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Cite this
Evaluation of the neurological safety of epidural milnacipran in rats. / Lim, Seung Mo; Shin, Mee Ran; Kang, Kyung Ho; Kang, Hyun; Nahm, Francis Sahngun; Kim, Baek-Hui; Shin, Hwa Yong; Lim, Young Jin; Lee, Sang Chul.
In: Korean Journal of Pain, Vol. 25, No. 4, 01.10.2012, p. 228-237.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of the neurological safety of epidural milnacipran in rats
AU - Lim, Seung Mo
AU - Shin, Mee Ran
AU - Kang, Kyung Ho
AU - Kang, Hyun
AU - Nahm, Francis Sahngun
AU - Kim, Baek-Hui
AU - Shin, Hwa Yong
AU - Lim, Young Jin
AU - Lee, Sang Chul
PY - 2012/10/1
Y1 - 2012/10/1
N2 - Background: Milnacipran is a balanced serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with minimal side effects and broad safety margin. It acts primarily on the descending inhibitory pain pathway in brain and spinal cord. In many animal studies, intrathecal administration of milnacipran is effective in neuropathic pain management. However, there is no study for the neurological safety of milnacipran when it is administered neuraxially. This study examined the neurotoxicity of epidural milnacipran by observing behavioral and sensory-motor changes with histopathological examinations of spinal cords in rats. Methods:Sixty rats were divided into 3 groups, with each group receiving epidural administration of either 0.3 ml (3 mg) of milnacipran (group M, n = 20), 0.3 ml of 40% alcohol (group A,n = 20), or 0.3 ml of normal saline (group S, n = 20). Results: There were no abnormal changes in the behavioral, sensory-motor, or histopathological findings in all rats of groups M and S over a 3-week observation period, whereas all rats in group A had abnormal changes. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the direct epidural administration of milnacipran in rats did not present any evidence of neurotoxicity in behavioral, sensory-motor and histopathological evaluations.
AB - Background: Milnacipran is a balanced serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with minimal side effects and broad safety margin. It acts primarily on the descending inhibitory pain pathway in brain and spinal cord. In many animal studies, intrathecal administration of milnacipran is effective in neuropathic pain management. However, there is no study for the neurological safety of milnacipran when it is administered neuraxially. This study examined the neurotoxicity of epidural milnacipran by observing behavioral and sensory-motor changes with histopathological examinations of spinal cords in rats. Methods:Sixty rats were divided into 3 groups, with each group receiving epidural administration of either 0.3 ml (3 mg) of milnacipran (group M, n = 20), 0.3 ml of 40% alcohol (group A,n = 20), or 0.3 ml of normal saline (group S, n = 20). Results: There were no abnormal changes in the behavioral, sensory-motor, or histopathological findings in all rats of groups M and S over a 3-week observation period, whereas all rats in group A had abnormal changes. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the direct epidural administration of milnacipran in rats did not present any evidence of neurotoxicity in behavioral, sensory-motor and histopathological evaluations.
KW - Epidural injection
KW - Milnacipran
KW - Neurotoxicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84873529393&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84873529393&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3344/kjp.2012.25.4.228
DO - 10.3344/kjp.2012.25.4.228
M3 - Article
VL - 25
SP - 228
EP - 237
JO - Korean Journal of Pain
JF - Korean Journal of Pain
SN - 2005-9159
IS - 4
ER -