TY - JOUR
T1 - Fertiliser drawn forward osmosis process
T2 - Pilot-scale desalination of mine impaired water for fertigation
AU - Phuntsho, Sherub
AU - Kim, Jung Eun
AU - Johir, Mohammad A.H.
AU - Hong, Seungkwan
AU - Li, Zhenyu
AU - Ghaffour, Noreddine
AU - Leiknes, Tor Ove
AU - Shon, Ho Kyong
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Centre of Excellence in Desalination Australia which is funded by the Australian Government through the National Urban Water and Desalination Plan. The authors also acknowledge the partial support received for this study from ARC discovery grant ( DP140100835 ), ARC Future Fellowship ( FT140101208 ) and University of Technology, Sydney chancellor's postdoctoral research fellowship. Funding for this research was also provided by the Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia and by Industrial Facilities & Infrastructure Research Program ( 14IFIP-B087385-01 ) by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean Government.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2016/6/15
Y1 - 2016/6/15
N2 - The pilot-scale fertiliser driven forward osmosis (FDFO) and nanofiltration (NF) system was operated in the field for about six months for the desalination of saline groundwater from the coal mining activities. Long-term operation of the FDFO-NF system indicates that simple hydraulic cleaning could effectively restore the water flux with minimal chemical cleaning frequency. No fouling/scaling issues were encountered with the NF post-treatment process. The study indicates that, FDFO-NF desalination system can produce water quality that meets fertigation standard. This study also however shows that, the diffusion of solutes (both feed and draw) through the cellulose triacetate (CTA) FO membrane could be one of the major issues. The FO feed brine failed to meet the effluent discharge standard for NH4+ and SO42+ (reverse diffusion) and their concentrations are expected to further increase at higher feed recovery rates. Low rejection of feed salts (Na+, Cl-) by FO membrane may result in their gradual build-up in the fertiliser draw solution (DS) in a closed FDFO-NF system eventually affecting the final water quality unless it is balanced by adequate bleeding from the system through NF and re-reverse diffusion towards the FO feed brine. Therefore, FO membrane with higher reverse flux selectivity than the CTA-FO membrane used in this study is necessary for the application of the FDFO desalination process.
AB - The pilot-scale fertiliser driven forward osmosis (FDFO) and nanofiltration (NF) system was operated in the field for about six months for the desalination of saline groundwater from the coal mining activities. Long-term operation of the FDFO-NF system indicates that simple hydraulic cleaning could effectively restore the water flux with minimal chemical cleaning frequency. No fouling/scaling issues were encountered with the NF post-treatment process. The study indicates that, FDFO-NF desalination system can produce water quality that meets fertigation standard. This study also however shows that, the diffusion of solutes (both feed and draw) through the cellulose triacetate (CTA) FO membrane could be one of the major issues. The FO feed brine failed to meet the effluent discharge standard for NH4+ and SO42+ (reverse diffusion) and their concentrations are expected to further increase at higher feed recovery rates. Low rejection of feed salts (Na+, Cl-) by FO membrane may result in their gradual build-up in the fertiliser draw solution (DS) in a closed FDFO-NF system eventually affecting the final water quality unless it is balanced by adequate bleeding from the system through NF and re-reverse diffusion towards the FO feed brine. Therefore, FO membrane with higher reverse flux selectivity than the CTA-FO membrane used in this study is necessary for the application of the FDFO desalination process.
KW - Desalination
KW - Fertigation
KW - Forward osmosis (FO)
KW - Irrigation
KW - Pilot-scale operation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84959216146&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.02.024
DO - 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.02.024
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84959216146
SN - 0376-7388
VL - 508
SP - 22
EP - 31
JO - Jornal of Membrane Science
JF - Jornal of Membrane Science
ER -
