Abstract
Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. Methods We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19 244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3- 30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Interpretation Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 766-781 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | The Lancet |
Volume | 384 |
Issue number | 9945 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2014 |
Externally published | Yes |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)
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Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013 : A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. / Ng, Marie; Fleming, Tom; Robinson, Margaret; Thomson, Blake; Graetz, Nicholas; Margono, Christopher; Mullany, Erin C.; Biryukov, Stan; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Abraham, Jerry P.; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E.; Achoki, Tom; Albuhairan, Fadia S.; Alemu, Zewdie A.; Alfonso, Rafael; Ali, Mohammed K.; Ali, Raghib; Guzman, Nelson Alvis; Ammar, Walid; Anwari, Palwasha; Banerjee, Amitava; Barquera, Simon; Basu, Sanjay; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar; Blore, Jed; Cabral, Norberto; Nonato, Ismael Campos; Chang, Jung Chen; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Courville, Karen J.; Criqui, Michael H.; Cundiff, David K.; Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C.; Dandona, Lalit; Davis, Adrian; Dayama, Anand; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Ding, Eric L.; Durrani, Adnan M.; Esteghamati, Alireza; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fay, Derek F.J.; Feigin, Valery L.; Flaxman, Abraham; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.; Goto, Atsushi; Green, Mark A.; Gupta, Rajeev; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Hankey, Graeme J.; Harewood, Heather C.; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hay, Simon; Hernandez, Lucia; Husseini, Abdullatif; Idrisov, Bulat T.; Ikeda, Nayu; Islami, Farhad; Jahangir, Eiman; Jassal, Simerjot K.; Jee, Sun Ha; Jeffreys, Mona; Jonas, Jost B.; Kabagambe, Edmond K.; Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khang, Young Ho; Kim, Daniel; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinge, Jonas M.; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kosen, Soewarta; Kwan, Gene; Lai, Taavi; Leinsalu, Mall; Li, Yichong; Liang, Xiaofeng; Liu, Shiwei; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lu, Yuan; Ma, Jixiang; Mainoo, Nana Kwaku; Mensah, George A.; Merriman, Tony R.; Mokdad, Ali H.; Moschandreas, Joanna; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naheed, Aliya; Nand, Devina; Narayan, K. M.Venkat; Nelson, Erica Leigh; Neuhouser, Marian L.; Nisar, Muhammad Imran; Ohkubo, Takayoshi; Oti, Samuel O.; Pedroza, Andrea; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Roy, Nobhojit; Sampson, Uchechukwu; Seo, Hyeyoung; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Shibuya, Kenji; Shiri, Rahman; Shiue, Ivy; Singh, Gitanjali M.; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Skirbekk, Vegard; Stapelberg, Nicolas J.C.; Sturua, Lela; Sykes, Bryan L.; Tobias, Martin; Tran, Bach X.; Trasande, Leonardo; Toyoshima, Hideaki; Van De Vijver, Steven; Vasankari, Tommi J.; Veerman, J. Lennert; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo; Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich; Vollset, Stein Emil; Vos, Theo; Wang, Claire; Wang, Xiaorong; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Werdecker, Andrea; Wright, Jonathan L.; Yang, Y. Claire; Yatsuya, Hiroshi; Yoon, Jihyun; Yoon, Seok Jun; Zhao, Yong; Zhou, Maigeng; Zhu, Shankuan; Lopez, Alan D.; Murray, Christopher J.L.; Gakidou, Emmanuela.
In: The Lancet, Vol. 384, No. 9945, 2014, p. 766-781.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013
T2 - A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
AU - Ng, Marie
AU - Fleming, Tom
AU - Robinson, Margaret
AU - Thomson, Blake
AU - Graetz, Nicholas
AU - Margono, Christopher
AU - Mullany, Erin C.
AU - Biryukov, Stan
AU - Abbafati, Cristiana
AU - Abera, Semaw Ferede
AU - Abraham, Jerry P.
AU - Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E.
AU - Achoki, Tom
AU - Albuhairan, Fadia S.
AU - Alemu, Zewdie A.
AU - Alfonso, Rafael
AU - Ali, Mohammed K.
AU - Ali, Raghib
AU - Guzman, Nelson Alvis
AU - Ammar, Walid
AU - Anwari, Palwasha
AU - Banerjee, Amitava
AU - Barquera, Simon
AU - Basu, Sanjay
AU - Bennett, Derrick A.
AU - Bhutta, Zulfiqar
AU - Blore, Jed
AU - Cabral, Norberto
AU - Nonato, Ismael Campos
AU - Chang, Jung Chen
AU - Chowdhury, Rajiv
AU - Courville, Karen J.
AU - Criqui, Michael H.
AU - Cundiff, David K.
AU - Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C.
AU - Dandona, Lalit
AU - Davis, Adrian
AU - Dayama, Anand
AU - Dharmaratne, Samath D.
AU - Ding, Eric L.
AU - Durrani, Adnan M.
AU - Esteghamati, Alireza
AU - Farzadfar, Farshad
AU - Fay, Derek F.J.
AU - Feigin, Valery L.
AU - Flaxman, Abraham
AU - Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.
AU - Goto, Atsushi
AU - Green, Mark A.
AU - Gupta, Rajeev
AU - Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
AU - Hankey, Graeme J.
AU - Harewood, Heather C.
AU - Havmoeller, Rasmus
AU - Hay, Simon
AU - Hernandez, Lucia
AU - Husseini, Abdullatif
AU - Idrisov, Bulat T.
AU - Ikeda, Nayu
AU - Islami, Farhad
AU - Jahangir, Eiman
AU - Jassal, Simerjot K.
AU - Jee, Sun Ha
AU - Jeffreys, Mona
AU - Jonas, Jost B.
AU - Kabagambe, Edmond K.
AU - Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan
AU - Kengne, Andre Pascal
AU - Khader, Yousef Saleh
AU - Khang, Young Ho
AU - Kim, Daniel
AU - Kimokoti, Ruth W.
AU - Kinge, Jonas M.
AU - Kokubo, Yoshihiro
AU - Kosen, Soewarta
AU - Kwan, Gene
AU - Lai, Taavi
AU - Leinsalu, Mall
AU - Li, Yichong
AU - Liang, Xiaofeng
AU - Liu, Shiwei
AU - Logroscino, Giancarlo
AU - Lotufo, Paulo A.
AU - Lu, Yuan
AU - Ma, Jixiang
AU - Mainoo, Nana Kwaku
AU - Mensah, George A.
AU - Merriman, Tony R.
AU - Mokdad, Ali H.
AU - Moschandreas, Joanna
AU - Naghavi, Mohsen
AU - Naheed, Aliya
AU - Nand, Devina
AU - Narayan, K. M.Venkat
AU - Nelson, Erica Leigh
AU - Neuhouser, Marian L.
AU - Nisar, Muhammad Imran
AU - Ohkubo, Takayoshi
AU - Oti, Samuel O.
AU - Pedroza, Andrea
AU - Prabhakaran, Dorairaj
AU - Roy, Nobhojit
AU - Sampson, Uchechukwu
AU - Seo, Hyeyoung
AU - Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
AU - Shibuya, Kenji
AU - Shiri, Rahman
AU - Shiue, Ivy
AU - Singh, Gitanjali M.
AU - Singh, Jasvinder A.
AU - Skirbekk, Vegard
AU - Stapelberg, Nicolas J.C.
AU - Sturua, Lela
AU - Sykes, Bryan L.
AU - Tobias, Martin
AU - Tran, Bach X.
AU - Trasande, Leonardo
AU - Toyoshima, Hideaki
AU - Van De Vijver, Steven
AU - Vasankari, Tommi J.
AU - Veerman, J. Lennert
AU - Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo
AU - Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich
AU - Vollset, Stein Emil
AU - Vos, Theo
AU - Wang, Claire
AU - Wang, Xiaorong
AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Werdecker, Andrea
AU - Wright, Jonathan L.
AU - Yang, Y. Claire
AU - Yatsuya, Hiroshi
AU - Yoon, Jihyun
AU - Yoon, Seok Jun
AU - Zhao, Yong
AU - Zhou, Maigeng
AU - Zhu, Shankuan
AU - Lopez, Alan D.
AU - Murray, Christopher J.L.
AU - Gakidou, Emmanuela
N1 - Funding Information: AG has received a lecture fee from Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. GAM is required to include the following statement: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, or any other government entity. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, and Allergan. He is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organisation that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's Guidelines subcommittee of the Quality of Care Committee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. YCW is assistant professor of health policy and management at the Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health. She codirects the Obesity Prevention Initiative and is a member of The Obesity Society. She receives grant funding from the National Institute of Health, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and the JPB Foundation. KS and NI were funded by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ( grant number 25253051 ). All other authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: This trial was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. We thank the following individuals for their support of this research: Hideki Higashi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, and Matthew Israelson, all from IHME, for their assistance acquiring data for analysis; Gulnoza Usmanova, Hyo Young Lee, and Hoàng T Diêu-Hiên, for translation of surveys into English; Casey M Graves (IHME) for helping to extract data for analysis. No individuals acknowledged received additional compensation for their efforts.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. Methods We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19 244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3- 30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Interpretation Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
AB - Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. Methods We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19 244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3- 30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Interpretation Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84906882822&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 24880830
AN - SCOPUS:84906882822
VL - 384
SP - 766
EP - 781
JO - The Lancet
JF - The Lancet
SN - 0140-6736
IS - 9945
ER -