Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Marie Ng; Tom Fleming; Margaret Robinson; Blake Thomson; Nicholas Graetz; Christopher Margono; Erin C. Mullany; Stan Biryukov; Cristiana Abbafati; Semaw Ferede Abera; Jerry P. Abraham; Niveen M.E. Abu-Rmeileh; Tom Achoki; Fadia S. Albuhairan; Zewdie A. Alemu; Rafael Alfonso; Mohammed K. Ali; Raghib Ali; Nelson Alvis Guzman; Walid Ammar; Palwasha Anwari; Amitava Banerjee; Simon Barquera; Sanjay Basu; Derrick A. Bennett; Zulfiqar Bhutta; Jed Blore; Norberto Cabral; Ismael Campos Nonato; Jung Chen Chang; Rajiv Chowdhury; Karen J. Courville; Michael H. Criqui; David K. Cundiff; Kaustubh C. Dabhadkar; Lalit Dandona; Adrian Davis; Anand Dayama; Samath D. Dharmaratne; Eric L. Ding; Adnan M. Durrani; Alireza Esteghamati; Farshad Farzadfar; Derek F.J. Fay; Valery L. Feigin; Abraham Flaxman; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar; Atsushi Goto; Mark A. Green; Rajeev Gupta; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Graeme J. Hankey; Heather C. Harewood; Rasmus Havmoeller; Simon Hay; Lucia Hernandez; Abdullatif Husseini; Bulat T. Idrisov; Nayu Ikeda; Farhad Islami; Eiman Jahangir; Simerjot K. Jassal; Sun Ha Jee; Mona Jeffreys; Jost B. Jonas; Edmond K. Kabagambe; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Andre Pascal Kengne; Yousef Saleh Khader; Young Ho Khang; Daniel Kim; Ruth W. Kimokoti; Jonas M. Kinge; Yoshihiro Kokubo; Soewarta Kosen; Gene Kwan; Taavi Lai; Mall Leinsalu; Yichong Li; Xiaofeng Liang; Shiwei Liu; Giancarlo Logroscino; Paulo A. Lotufo; Yuan Lu; Jixiang Ma; Nana Kwaku Mainoo; George A. Mensah; Tony R. Merriman; Ali H. Mokdad; Joanna Moschandreas; Mohsen Naghavi; Aliya Naheed; Devina Nand; K. M.Venkat Narayan; Erica Leigh Nelson; Marian L. Neuhouser; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Samuel O. Oti; Andrea Pedroza; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Nobhojit Roy; Uchechukwu Sampson; Hyeyoung Seo; Sadaf G. Sepanlou; Kenji Shibuya; Rahman Shiri; Ivy Shiue; Gitanjali M. Singh; Jasvinder A. Singh; Vegard Skirbekk; Nicolas J.C. Stapelberg; Lela Sturua; Bryan L. Sykes; Martin Tobias; Bach X. Tran; Leonardo Trasande; Hideaki Toyoshima; Steven Van De Vijver; Tommi J. Vasankari; J. Lennert Veerman; Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Stein Emil Vollset; Theo Vos; Claire Wang; Xiaorong Wang; Elisabete Weiderpass; Andrea Werdecker; Jonathan L. Wright; Y. Claire Yang; Hiroshi Yatsuya; Jihyun Yoon; Seok Jun Yoon; Yong Zhao; Maigeng Zhou; Shankuan Zhu; Alan D. Lopez; Christopher J.L. Murray; Emmanuela Gakidou

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8

Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Marie Ng, Tom Fleming, Margaret Robinson, Blake Thomson, Nicholas Graetz, Christopher Margono, Erin C. Mullany, Stan Biryukov, Cristiana Abbafati, Semaw Ferede Abera, Jerry P. Abraham, Niveen M.E. Abu-Rmeileh, Tom Achoki, Fadia S. Albuhairan, Zewdie A. Alemu, Rafael Alfonso, Mohammed K. Ali, Raghib Ali, Nelson Alvis Guzman, Walid AmmarPalwasha Anwari, Amitava Banerjee, Simon Barquera, Sanjay Basu, Derrick A. Bennett, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Jed Blore, Norberto Cabral, Ismael Campos Nonato, Jung Chen Chang, Rajiv Chowdhury, Karen J. Courville, Michael H. Criqui, David K. Cundiff, Kaustubh C. Dabhadkar, Lalit Dandona, Adrian Davis, Anand Dayama, Samath D. Dharmaratne, Eric L. Ding, Adnan M. Durrani, Alireza Esteghamati, Farshad Farzadfar, Derek F.J. Fay, Valery L. Feigin, Abraham Flaxman, Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, Atsushi Goto, Mark A. Green, Rajeev Gupta, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Graeme J. Hankey, Heather C. Harewood, Rasmus Havmoeller, Simon Hay, Lucia Hernandez, Abdullatif Husseini, Bulat T. Idrisov, Nayu Ikeda, Farhad Islami, Eiman Jahangir, Simerjot K. Jassal, Sun Ha Jee, Mona Jeffreys, Jost B. Jonas, Edmond K. Kabagambe, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa, Andre Pascal Kengne, Yousef Saleh Khader, Young Ho Khang, Daniel Kim, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Jonas M. Kinge, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Soewarta Kosen, Gene Kwan, Taavi Lai, Mall Leinsalu, Yichong Li, Xiaofeng Liang, Shiwei Liu, Giancarlo Logroscino, Paulo A. Lotufo, Yuan Lu, Jixiang Ma, Nana Kwaku Mainoo, George A. Mensah, Tony R. Merriman, Ali H. Mokdad, Joanna Moschandreas, Mohsen Naghavi, Aliya Naheed, Devina Nand, K. M.Venkat Narayan, Erica Leigh Nelson, Marian L. Neuhouser, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Samuel O. Oti, Andrea Pedroza, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Nobhojit Roy, Uchechukwu Sampson, Hyeyoung Seo, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Kenji Shibuya, Rahman Shiri, Ivy Shiue, Gitanjali M. Singh, Jasvinder A. Singh, Vegard Skirbekk, Nicolas J.C. Stapelberg, Lela Sturua, Bryan L. Sykes, Martin Tobias, Bach X. Tran, Leonardo Trasande, Hideaki Toyoshima, Steven Van De Vijver, Tommi J. Vasankari, J. Lennert Veerman, Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez, Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov, Stein Emil Vollset, Theo Vos, Claire Wang, Xiaorong Wang, Elisabete Weiderpass, Andrea Werdecker, Jonathan L. Wright, Y. Claire Yang, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Jihyun Yoon, Seok Jun Yoon, Yong Zhao, Maigeng Zhou, Shankuan Zhu, Alan D. Lopez, Christopher J.L. Murray, Emmanuela Gakidou

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7893 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. Methods We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19 244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m² or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3- 30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Interpretation Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	766-781
Number of pages	16
Journal	The Lancet
Volume	384
Issue number	9945
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
Publication status	Published - 2014
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine(all)

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8

Cite this

Ng, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., Mullany, E. C., Biryukov, S., Abbafati, C., Abera, S. F., Abraham, J. P., Abu-Rmeileh, N. M. E., Achoki, T., Albuhairan, F. S., Alemu, Z. A., Alfonso, R., Ali, M. K., Ali, R., Guzman, N. A., ... Gakidou, E. (2014). Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet, 384(9945), 766-781. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8

Ng, M, Fleming, T, Robinson, M, Thomson, B, Graetz, N, Margono, C, Mullany, EC, Biryukov, S, Abbafati, C, Abera, SF, Abraham, JP, Abu-Rmeileh, NME, Achoki, T, Albuhairan, FS, Alemu, ZA, Alfonso, R, Ali, MK, Ali, R, Guzman, NA, Ammar, W, Anwari, P, Banerjee, A, Barquera, S, Basu, S, Bennett, DA, Bhutta, Z, Blore, J, Cabral, N, Nonato, IC, Chang, JC, Chowdhury, R, Courville, KJ, Criqui, MH, Cundiff, DK, Dabhadkar, KC, Dandona, L, Davis, A, Dayama, A, Dharmaratne, SD, Ding, EL, Durrani, AM, Esteghamati, A, Farzadfar, F, Fay, DFJ, Feigin, VL, Flaxman, A, Forouzanfar, MH, Goto, A, Green, MA, Gupta, R, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hankey, GJ, Harewood, HC, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hernandez, L, Husseini, A, Idrisov, BT, Ikeda, N, Islami, F, Jahangir, E, Jassal, SK, Jee, SH, Jeffreys, M, Jonas, JB, Kabagambe, EK, Khalifa, SEAH, Kengne, AP, Khader, YS, Khang, YH, Kim, D, Kimokoti, RW, Kinge, JM, Kokubo, Y, Kosen, S, Kwan, G, Lai, T, Leinsalu, M, Li, Y, Liang, X, Liu, S, Logroscino, G, Lotufo, PA, Lu, Y, Ma, J, Mainoo, NK, Mensah, GA, Merriman, TR, Mokdad, AH, Moschandreas, J, Naghavi, M, Naheed, A, Nand, D, Narayan, KMV, Nelson, EL, Neuhouser, ML, Nisar, MI, Ohkubo, T, Oti, SO, Pedroza, A, Prabhakaran, D, Roy, N, Sampson, U, Seo, H, Sepanlou, SG, Shibuya, K, Shiri, R, Shiue, I, Singh, GM, Singh, JA, Skirbekk, V, Stapelberg, NJC, Sturua, L, Sykes, BL, Tobias, M, Tran, BX, Trasande, L, Toyoshima, H, Van De Vijver, S, Vasankari, TJ, Veerman, JL, Velasquez-Melendez, G, Vlassov, VV, Vollset, SE, Vos, T, Wang, C, Wang, X, Weiderpass, E, Werdecker, A, Wright, JL, Yang, YC, Yatsuya, H, Yoon, J, Yoon, SJ, Zhao, Y, Zhou, M, Zhu, S, Lopez, AD, Murray, CJL & Gakidou, E 2014, 'Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013', The Lancet, vol. 384, no. 9945, pp. 766-781. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8

@article{bce6d4ea341b4e77808f68c205487161,

title = "Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013",

abstract = "Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. Methods We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19 244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3- 30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Interpretation Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.",

author = "Marie Ng and Tom Fleming and Margaret Robinson and Blake Thomson and Nicholas Graetz and Christopher Margono and Mullany, {Erin C.} and Stan Biryukov and Cristiana Abbafati and Abera, {Semaw Ferede} and Abraham, {Jerry P.} and Abu-Rmeileh, {Niveen M.E.} and Tom Achoki and Albuhairan, {Fadia S.} and Alemu, {Zewdie A.} and Rafael Alfonso and Ali, {Mohammed K.} and Raghib Ali and Guzman, {Nelson Alvis} and Walid Ammar and Palwasha Anwari and Amitava Banerjee and Simon Barquera and Sanjay Basu and Bennett, {Derrick A.} and Zulfiqar Bhutta and Jed Blore and Norberto Cabral and Nonato, {Ismael Campos} and Chang, {Jung Chen} and Rajiv Chowdhury and Courville, {Karen J.} and Criqui, {Michael H.} and Cundiff, {David K.} and Dabhadkar, {Kaustubh C.} and Lalit Dandona and Adrian Davis and Anand Dayama and Dharmaratne, {Samath D.} and Ding, {Eric L.} and Durrani, {Adnan M.} and Alireza Esteghamati and Farshad Farzadfar and Fay, {Derek F.J.} and Feigin, {Valery L.} and Abraham Flaxman and Forouzanfar, {Mohammad H.} and Atsushi Goto and Green, {Mark A.} and Rajeev Gupta and Nima Hafezi-Nejad and Hankey, {Graeme J.} and Harewood, {Heather C.} and Rasmus Havmoeller and Simon Hay and Lucia Hernandez and Abdullatif Husseini and Idrisov, {Bulat T.} and Nayu Ikeda and Farhad Islami and Eiman Jahangir and Jassal, {Simerjot K.} and Jee, {Sun Ha} and Mona Jeffreys and Jonas, {Jost B.} and Kabagambe, {Edmond K.} and Khalifa, {Shams Eldin Ali Hassan} and Kengne, {Andre Pascal} and Khader, {Yousef Saleh} and Khang, {Young Ho} and Daniel Kim and Kimokoti, {Ruth W.} and Kinge, {Jonas M.} and Yoshihiro Kokubo and Soewarta Kosen and Gene Kwan and Taavi Lai and Mall Leinsalu and Yichong Li and Xiaofeng Liang and Shiwei Liu and Giancarlo Logroscino and Lotufo, {Paulo A.} and Yuan Lu and Jixiang Ma and Mainoo, {Nana Kwaku} and Mensah, {George A.} and Merriman, {Tony R.} and Mokdad, {Ali H.} and Joanna Moschandreas and Mohsen Naghavi and Aliya Naheed and Devina Nand and Narayan, {K. M.Venkat} and Nelson, {Erica Leigh} and Neuhouser, {Marian L.} and Nisar, {Muhammad Imran} and Takayoshi Ohkubo and Oti, {Samuel O.} and Andrea Pedroza and Dorairaj Prabhakaran and Nobhojit Roy and Uchechukwu Sampson and Hyeyoung Seo and Sepanlou, {Sadaf G.} and Kenji Shibuya and Rahman Shiri and Ivy Shiue and Singh, {Gitanjali M.} and Singh, {Jasvinder A.} and Vegard Skirbekk and Stapelberg, {Nicolas J.C.} and Lela Sturua and Sykes, {Bryan L.} and Martin Tobias and Tran, {Bach X.} and Leonardo Trasande and Hideaki Toyoshima and {Van De Vijver}, Steven and Vasankari, {Tommi J.} and Veerman, {J. Lennert} and Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez and Vlassov, {Vasiliy Victorovich} and Vollset, {Stein Emil} and Theo Vos and Claire Wang and Xiaorong Wang and Elisabete Weiderpass and Andrea Werdecker and Wright, {Jonathan L.} and Yang, {Y. Claire} and Hiroshi Yatsuya and Jihyun Yoon and Yoon, {Seok Jun} and Yong Zhao and Maigeng Zhou and Shankuan Zhu and Lopez, {Alan D.} and Murray, {Christopher J.L.} and Emmanuela Gakidou",

note = "Funding Information: AG has received a lecture fee from Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. GAM is required to include the following statement: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, or any other government entity. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, and Allergan. He is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organisation that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's Guidelines subcommittee of the Quality of Care Committee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. YCW is assistant professor of health policy and management at the Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health. She codirects the Obesity Prevention Initiative and is a member of The Obesity Society. She receives grant funding from the National Institute of Health, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and the JPB Foundation. KS and NI were funded by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ( grant number 25253051 ). All other authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: This trial was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. We thank the following individuals for their support of this research: Hideki Higashi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, and Matthew Israelson, all from IHME, for their assistance acquiring data for analysis; Gulnoza Usmanova, Hyo Young Lee, and Ho{\`a}ng T Di{\^e}u-Hi{\^e}n, for translation of surveys into English; Casey M Graves (IHME) for helping to extract data for analysis. No individuals acknowledged received additional compensation for their efforts. ",

year = "2014",

doi = "10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8",

language = "English",

volume = "384",

pages = "766--781",

journal = "The Lancet",

issn = "0140-6736",

publisher = "Elsevier Limited",

number = "9945",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013

T2 - A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

AU - Ng, Marie

AU - Fleming, Tom

AU - Robinson, Margaret

AU - Thomson, Blake

AU - Graetz, Nicholas

AU - Margono, Christopher

AU - Mullany, Erin C.

AU - Biryukov, Stan

AU - Abbafati, Cristiana

AU - Abera, Semaw Ferede

AU - Abraham, Jerry P.

AU - Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E.

AU - Achoki, Tom

AU - Albuhairan, Fadia S.

AU - Alemu, Zewdie A.

AU - Alfonso, Rafael

AU - Ali, Mohammed K.

AU - Ali, Raghib

AU - Guzman, Nelson Alvis

AU - Ammar, Walid

AU - Anwari, Palwasha

AU - Banerjee, Amitava

AU - Barquera, Simon

AU - Basu, Sanjay

AU - Bennett, Derrick A.

AU - Bhutta, Zulfiqar

AU - Blore, Jed

AU - Cabral, Norberto

AU - Nonato, Ismael Campos

AU - Chang, Jung Chen

AU - Chowdhury, Rajiv

AU - Courville, Karen J.

AU - Criqui, Michael H.

AU - Cundiff, David K.

AU - Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C.

AU - Dandona, Lalit

AU - Davis, Adrian

AU - Dayama, Anand

AU - Dharmaratne, Samath D.

AU - Ding, Eric L.

AU - Durrani, Adnan M.

AU - Esteghamati, Alireza

AU - Farzadfar, Farshad

AU - Fay, Derek F.J.

AU - Feigin, Valery L.

AU - Flaxman, Abraham

AU - Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.

AU - Goto, Atsushi

AU - Green, Mark A.

AU - Gupta, Rajeev

AU - Hafezi-Nejad, Nima

AU - Hankey, Graeme J.

AU - Harewood, Heather C.

AU - Havmoeller, Rasmus

AU - Hay, Simon

AU - Hernandez, Lucia

AU - Husseini, Abdullatif

AU - Idrisov, Bulat T.

AU - Ikeda, Nayu

AU - Islami, Farhad

AU - Jahangir, Eiman

AU - Jassal, Simerjot K.

AU - Jee, Sun Ha

AU - Jeffreys, Mona

AU - Jonas, Jost B.

AU - Kabagambe, Edmond K.

AU - Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan

AU - Kengne, Andre Pascal

AU - Khader, Yousef Saleh

AU - Khang, Young Ho

AU - Kim, Daniel

AU - Kimokoti, Ruth W.

AU - Kinge, Jonas M.

AU - Kokubo, Yoshihiro

AU - Kosen, Soewarta

AU - Kwan, Gene

AU - Lai, Taavi

AU - Leinsalu, Mall

AU - Li, Yichong

AU - Liang, Xiaofeng

AU - Liu, Shiwei

AU - Logroscino, Giancarlo

AU - Lotufo, Paulo A.

AU - Lu, Yuan

AU - Ma, Jixiang

AU - Mainoo, Nana Kwaku

AU - Mensah, George A.

AU - Merriman, Tony R.

AU - Mokdad, Ali H.

AU - Moschandreas, Joanna

AU - Naghavi, Mohsen

AU - Naheed, Aliya

AU - Nand, Devina

AU - Narayan, K. M.Venkat

AU - Nelson, Erica Leigh

AU - Neuhouser, Marian L.

AU - Nisar, Muhammad Imran

AU - Ohkubo, Takayoshi

AU - Oti, Samuel O.

AU - Pedroza, Andrea

AU - Prabhakaran, Dorairaj

AU - Roy, Nobhojit

AU - Sampson, Uchechukwu

AU - Seo, Hyeyoung

AU - Sepanlou, Sadaf G.

AU - Shibuya, Kenji

AU - Shiri, Rahman

AU - Shiue, Ivy

AU - Singh, Gitanjali M.

AU - Singh, Jasvinder A.

AU - Skirbekk, Vegard

AU - Stapelberg, Nicolas J.C.

AU - Sturua, Lela

AU - Sykes, Bryan L.

AU - Tobias, Martin

AU - Tran, Bach X.

AU - Trasande, Leonardo

AU - Toyoshima, Hideaki

AU - Van De Vijver, Steven

AU - Vasankari, Tommi J.

AU - Veerman, J. Lennert

AU - Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo

AU - Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich

AU - Vollset, Stein Emil

AU - Vos, Theo

AU - Wang, Claire

AU - Wang, Xiaorong

AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete

AU - Werdecker, Andrea

AU - Wright, Jonathan L.

AU - Yang, Y. Claire

AU - Yatsuya, Hiroshi

AU - Yoon, Jihyun

AU - Yoon, Seok Jun

AU - Zhao, Yong

AU - Zhou, Maigeng

AU - Zhu, Shankuan

AU - Lopez, Alan D.

AU - Murray, Christopher J.L.

AU - Gakidou, Emmanuela

N1 - Funding Information: AG has received a lecture fee from Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. GAM is required to include the following statement: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, or any other government entity. JAS has received research grants from Takeda and Savient and consultant fees from Savient, Takeda, Regeneron, and Allergan. He is a member of the executive of OMERACT, an organisation that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 36 companies; a member of the American College of Rheumatology's Guidelines subcommittee of the Quality of Care Committee; and a member of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee. YCW is assistant professor of health policy and management at the Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health. She codirects the Obesity Prevention Initiative and is a member of The Obesity Society. She receives grant funding from the National Institute of Health, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and the JPB Foundation. KS and NI were funded by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ( grant number 25253051 ). All other authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: This trial was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. We thank the following individuals for their support of this research: Hideki Higashi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, and Matthew Israelson, all from IHME, for their assistance acquiring data for analysis; Gulnoza Usmanova, Hyo Young Lee, and Hoàng T Diêu-Hiên, for translation of surveys into English; Casey M Graves (IHME) for helping to extract data for analysis. No individuals acknowledged received additional compensation for their efforts.

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

N2 - Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. Methods We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19 244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3- 30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Interpretation Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

AB - Background In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. Methods We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19 244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3- 30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Interpretation Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84906882822&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8

DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8

M3 - Article

C2 - 24880830

AN - SCOPUS:84906882822

VL - 384

SP - 766

EP - 781

JO - The Lancet

JF - The Lancet

SN - 0140-6736

IS - 9945

ER -

Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

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UN SDGs

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