Abstract
Regardless of whether the humans involved are virtual or real, well-developed conversational skills are a necessity. The synthesis of interface agents that are not only understandable but also believable can be greatly aided by knowledge of which facial motions are perceptually necessary and sufficient for clear and believable conversational facial expressions. Here, we recorded several core conversational expressions (agreement, disagreement, happiness, sadness, thinking, and confusion) from several individuals, and then psychophysically determined the perceptual ambiguity and believability of the expressions. The results show that people can identify these expressions quite well, although there are some systematic patterns of confusion. People were also very confident of their identifications and found the expressions to be rather believable. The specific pattern of confusions and confidence ratings have strong implications for conversational animation. Finally, the present results provide the information necessary to begin a more fine-grained analysis of the core components of these expressions.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension |
| Publisher | IEEE Computer Society |
| Pages | 23-29 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Volume | 2003-January |
| ISBN (Print) | 0769519342 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2003 |
| Externally published | Yes |
| Event | 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003 - New Brunswick, United States Duration: 2003 May 8 → 2003 May 9 |
Other
| Other | 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents, CASA 2003 |
|---|---|
| Country | United States |
| City | New Brunswick |
| Period | 03/5/8 → 03/5/9 |
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Keywords
- Avatars
- Cybernetics
- Face detection
- Facial animation
- Humans
- Information analysis
- Motion control
- Psychology
- Speech
- Stress
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Software
- Hardware and Architecture
Cite this
How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation. / Cunningham, D. W.; Breidt, M.; Kleiner, M.; Wallraven, Christian; Bulthoff, Heinrich.
Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension. Vol. 2003-January IEEE Computer Society, 2003. p. 23-29 1199300.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution
}
TY - GEN
T1 - How believable are real faces? Towards a perceptual basis for conversational animation
AU - Cunningham, D. W.
AU - Breidt, M.
AU - Kleiner, M.
AU - Wallraven, Christian
AU - Bulthoff, Heinrich
PY - 2003
Y1 - 2003
N2 - Regardless of whether the humans involved are virtual or real, well-developed conversational skills are a necessity. The synthesis of interface agents that are not only understandable but also believable can be greatly aided by knowledge of which facial motions are perceptually necessary and sufficient for clear and believable conversational facial expressions. Here, we recorded several core conversational expressions (agreement, disagreement, happiness, sadness, thinking, and confusion) from several individuals, and then psychophysically determined the perceptual ambiguity and believability of the expressions. The results show that people can identify these expressions quite well, although there are some systematic patterns of confusion. People were also very confident of their identifications and found the expressions to be rather believable. The specific pattern of confusions and confidence ratings have strong implications for conversational animation. Finally, the present results provide the information necessary to begin a more fine-grained analysis of the core components of these expressions.
AB - Regardless of whether the humans involved are virtual or real, well-developed conversational skills are a necessity. The synthesis of interface agents that are not only understandable but also believable can be greatly aided by knowledge of which facial motions are perceptually necessary and sufficient for clear and believable conversational facial expressions. Here, we recorded several core conversational expressions (agreement, disagreement, happiness, sadness, thinking, and confusion) from several individuals, and then psychophysically determined the perceptual ambiguity and believability of the expressions. The results show that people can identify these expressions quite well, although there are some systematic patterns of confusion. People were also very confident of their identifications and found the expressions to be rather believable. The specific pattern of confusions and confidence ratings have strong implications for conversational animation. Finally, the present results provide the information necessary to begin a more fine-grained analysis of the core components of these expressions.
KW - Avatars
KW - Cybernetics
KW - Face detection
KW - Facial animation
KW - Humans
KW - Information analysis
KW - Motion control
KW - Psychology
KW - Speech
KW - Stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84943375912&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84943375912&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300
DO - 10.1109/CASA.2003.1199300
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84943375912
SN - 0769519342
VL - 2003-January
SP - 23
EP - 29
BT - Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Program Comprehension
PB - IEEE Computer Society
ER -