TY - JOUR
T1 - Improving sono-activated persulfate oxidation using mechanical mixing in a 35-kHz ultrasonic reactor
T2 - Persulfate activation mechanism and its application
AU - Lee, Yonghyeon
AU - Lee, Seojoon
AU - Cui, Mingcan
AU - Kim, Jeonggwan
AU - Ma, Junjun
AU - Han, Zhengchang
AU - Khim, Jeehyeong
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (No. 2019R1A2C2087439) and the Korean Ministry of the Environment as a Subsurface Environment Management (SEM) project (2019002480001) and the Nanjing Science and Technology Program – International Cooperation in Industrial Technology Research and Development (NSTP) project (No. 201911003).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s)
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - This study investigated the degradation of ibuprofen (IBP), an activated persulfate (PS), when subjected to ultrasonic (US) irradiation and mechanical mixing (M). The effects of several critical factors were evaluated, including the effect of rpm on M, PS concentration, and initial pH, and that of temperature on IBP degradation kinetics and the PS activation mechanism. The resulting IBP oxidation rate constant was significantly higher at 400 rpm. As the PS load increased, the IBP oxidation rate constant increased. The value of the IBP reaction rate increased with decreasing pH; below pH 4.9, there was no significant difference in the IBP oxidation rate constant. The IBP oxidation activation energy when using the US/M-PS system was 18.84 kJ mol−1. In the US/M-PS system, PS activation was the primary effect of temperature at the interface during the explosion of cavitation bubbles. These encouraging results suggest that the US-PS/M process is a promising strategy for the treatment of IBP-based water pollutants.
AB - This study investigated the degradation of ibuprofen (IBP), an activated persulfate (PS), when subjected to ultrasonic (US) irradiation and mechanical mixing (M). The effects of several critical factors were evaluated, including the effect of rpm on M, PS concentration, and initial pH, and that of temperature on IBP degradation kinetics and the PS activation mechanism. The resulting IBP oxidation rate constant was significantly higher at 400 rpm. As the PS load increased, the IBP oxidation rate constant increased. The value of the IBP reaction rate increased with decreasing pH; below pH 4.9, there was no significant difference in the IBP oxidation rate constant. The IBP oxidation activation energy when using the US/M-PS system was 18.84 kJ mol−1. In the US/M-PS system, PS activation was the primary effect of temperature at the interface during the explosion of cavitation bubbles. These encouraging results suggest that the US-PS/M process is a promising strategy for the treatment of IBP-based water pollutants.
KW - Acoustic cavitation
KW - Hydroxyl radical
KW - Ibuprofen
KW - Mechanical mixing
KW - Sonochemiluminescence
KW - Sulfur radical
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097639335&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105412
DO - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105412
M3 - Article
C2 - 33316732
AN - SCOPUS:85097639335
SN - 1350-4177
VL - 72
JO - Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
JF - Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
M1 - 105412
ER -