@article{50ab693b09b041b193c24bce9702001c,
title = "In-situ calibration of the single-photoelectron charge response of the IceCube photomultiplier tubes",
abstract = "We describe an improved in-situ calibration of the single-photoelectron charge distributions for each of the in-ice Hamamatsu Photonics R7081-02[MOD] photomultiplier tubes in the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The characterization of the individual PMT charge distributions is important for PMT calibration, data and Monte Carlo simulation agreement, and understanding the effect of hardware differences within the detector. We discuss the single photoelectron identification procedure and how we extract the single-photoelectron charge distribution using a deconvolution of the multiple-photoelectron charge distribution.",
keywords = "Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission, etc), Photon detectors for UV, Visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomultipliers, HPDs, others)",
author = "{The IceCube Collaboration} and Aartsen, {M. G.} and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and Aguilar, {J. A.} and M. Ahlers and M. Ahrens and C. Alispach and K. Andeen and T. Anderson and I. Ansseau and G. Anton and C. Arg{\"u}elles and J. Auffenberg and S. Axani and P. Backes and H. Bagherpour and X. Bai and Balagopal, {A. V.} and A. Barbano and Barwick, {S. W.} and B. Bastian and V. Baum and S. Baur and R. Bay and Beatty, {J. J.} and Becker, {K. H.} and Tjus, {J. Becker} and S. Benzvi and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and Besson, {D. Z.} and G. Binder and D. Bindig and E. Blaufuss and S. Blot and C. Bohm and M. B{\"o}rner and S. B{\"o}ser and O. Botner and J. B{\"o}ttcher and E. Bourbeau and J. Bourbeau and F. Bradascio and J. Braun and S. Bron and J. Brostean-Kaiser and A. Burgman and J. Buscher and Busse, {R. S.} and S. Choi",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S.A. - U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium - Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany - Bundesministerium f{\"u}r Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden - Swedish Research Council Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia - Australian Research Council; Canada - Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu{\'e}bec, Compute Ontario Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark - Villum Fonden Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF), Carlsberg Foundation; New Zealand - Marsden Fund; Japan - Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea - National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland - Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom - Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab.",
year = "2020",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/15/06/P06032",
language = "English",
volume = "15",
journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",
issn = "1748-0221",
publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",
number = "6",
}