Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has been a focus of research in the fields of electronics, energy, and biomedicine, including drug delivery. Thus, single- and multi-layered GO (SLGO and MLGO) have been produced and investigated. However, little information on their toxicity and biocompatibility is available. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive study of the size- and dose-dependent toxicity of GOs in the presence or absence of Pluronic F-127 on THP-1 cells by examining their viability, membrane integrity, levels of cytokine and ROS production, phagocytosis, and cytometric apoptosis. Moreover, as an extended study, a toxicity evaluation in the acute and chronic phases was performed in mice via intravenous injection of the materials. GOs exhibited dose- and size-dependent toxicity. Interestingly, SLGO induced ROS production to a lesser extent than MLGO. Cytometric analysis indicated that SLGO induced necrosis and apoptosis to a lesser degree than MLGO. In addition, cell damage and IL-1β production were influenced by phagocytosis. A histological animal study revealed that GOs of various sizes induced acute and chronic damage to the lung and kidney in the presence or absence of Pluronic F-127. These results will facilitate studies of GO prior to its biomedical application.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 38884 |
| Journal | Scientific Reports |
| Volume | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2016 Dec 12 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
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In vitro and in vivo comparison of the immunotoxicity of single- and multi-layered graphene oxides with or without pluronic F-127. / Cho, Young Chol; Pak, Pyo June; Joo, Yong Hoon; Lee, Hoi Seon; Chung, Namhyun.
In: Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, 38884, 12.12.2016.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - In vitro and in vivo comparison of the immunotoxicity of single- and multi-layered graphene oxides with or without pluronic F-127
AU - Cho, Young Chol
AU - Pak, Pyo June
AU - Joo, Yong Hoon
AU - Lee, Hoi Seon
AU - Chung, Namhyun
PY - 2016/12/12
Y1 - 2016/12/12
N2 - Graphene oxide (GO) has been a focus of research in the fields of electronics, energy, and biomedicine, including drug delivery. Thus, single- and multi-layered GO (SLGO and MLGO) have been produced and investigated. However, little information on their toxicity and biocompatibility is available. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive study of the size- and dose-dependent toxicity of GOs in the presence or absence of Pluronic F-127 on THP-1 cells by examining their viability, membrane integrity, levels of cytokine and ROS production, phagocytosis, and cytometric apoptosis. Moreover, as an extended study, a toxicity evaluation in the acute and chronic phases was performed in mice via intravenous injection of the materials. GOs exhibited dose- and size-dependent toxicity. Interestingly, SLGO induced ROS production to a lesser extent than MLGO. Cytometric analysis indicated that SLGO induced necrosis and apoptosis to a lesser degree than MLGO. In addition, cell damage and IL-1β production were influenced by phagocytosis. A histological animal study revealed that GOs of various sizes induced acute and chronic damage to the lung and kidney in the presence or absence of Pluronic F-127. These results will facilitate studies of GO prior to its biomedical application.
AB - Graphene oxide (GO) has been a focus of research in the fields of electronics, energy, and biomedicine, including drug delivery. Thus, single- and multi-layered GO (SLGO and MLGO) have been produced and investigated. However, little information on their toxicity and biocompatibility is available. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive study of the size- and dose-dependent toxicity of GOs in the presence or absence of Pluronic F-127 on THP-1 cells by examining their viability, membrane integrity, levels of cytokine and ROS production, phagocytosis, and cytometric apoptosis. Moreover, as an extended study, a toxicity evaluation in the acute and chronic phases was performed in mice via intravenous injection of the materials. GOs exhibited dose- and size-dependent toxicity. Interestingly, SLGO induced ROS production to a lesser extent than MLGO. Cytometric analysis indicated that SLGO induced necrosis and apoptosis to a lesser degree than MLGO. In addition, cell damage and IL-1β production were influenced by phagocytosis. A histological animal study revealed that GOs of various sizes induced acute and chronic damage to the lung and kidney in the presence or absence of Pluronic F-127. These results will facilitate studies of GO prior to its biomedical application.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85006056300&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/srep38884
DO - 10.1038/srep38884
M3 - Article
C2 - 27941848
AN - SCOPUS:85006056300
VL - 6
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
SN - 2045-2322
M1 - 38884
ER -