Individualized feedback-based virtual reality exercise improves older women's self-perceived health: A randomized controlled trial

Objectives: Individualized feedback-based virtual reality (IFVR) exercise is gaining attention as a cost-effective self-management strategy, however little is known about whether older adults themselves perceive IFVR exercise effective in improving their health. Therefore, we studied the effect of IFVR exercise on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older women. Methods: Fifty-four older women aged ≥65 years were randomized to either IFVR exercise group (IFVRG, n= 26) or group-based exercise group (GG, n= 28). Both groups received a 60-min intervention three times a week for eight weeks. The Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was administered. To identify the possible placebo effect, 30-Second Chair Stand Test (30SCST), 8-Foot Up-and-Go Test (8FUGT), and 2-Minute Step Test (2MST) were also administered. Results: intention-to-treat analysis with adjustment for baseline levels revealed that IFVRG showed greater improvement in mental health (p= 0.029) and lower body strength (p= 0.042), compared to GG. Within-group analysis for HRQoL revealed that IFVRG showed an increase in role-physical (p= 0.015), bodily pain (p= 0.017), general health (p= 0.004), vitality (p= 0.010), role-emotional (p= 0.007), and mental health (p<0.001), whereas GG showed an increase in role-physical (p= 0.022), general health (p= 0.023), and social functioning (p = 0.023). Both groups showed an increase in 30SCST, 2MST and 8FUGT (all p<0.001). Conclusion: IFVR exercise improved HRQoL in older women, in addition to improving physical fitness. Therefore, it might be recommended to older women as an effective self-management strategy.