TY - JOUR
T1 - I/ostrength-aware credit scheduler for virtualized environments
AU - Lee, Jaehak
AU - Yu, Heonchang
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This research was supported by the MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT), Korea, under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center) support program (IITP-2018-0-01405) supervised by the IITP(Institute for Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation). This work was supported by Institute for Information & communications Technology Promotion(IITP) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No.2018-0-00480, Developing the edge cloud platform for the real-time services based on the mobility of connected cars).
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - With the evolution of cloud technology, the number of user applications is increasing, and computational workloads are becoming increasingly diverse and unpredictable. However, cloud data centers still exhibit a low I/O performance because of the scheduling policies employed, which are based on the degree of physical CPU (pCPU) occupancy. Notably, existing scheduling policies cannot guarantee good I/O performance because of the uncertainty of the extent of I/O occurrence and the lack of fine-grained workload classification. To overcome these limitations, we propose ISACS, an I/O strength-aware credit scheduler for virtualized environments. Based on the Credit2 scheduler, ISACS provides a fine-grained workload-aware scheduling technique to mitigate I/O performance degradation in virtualized environments. Further, ISACS uses the event channel mechanism in the virtualization architecture to expand the scope of the scheduling information area and measures the I/O strength of each virtual CPU (vCPU) in the run-queue. Then, ISACS allocates two types of virtual credits for all vCPUs in the run-queue to increase I/O performance and concurrently prevent CPU performance degradation. Finally, through I/O load balancing, ISACS prevents I/O-intensive vCPUs from becoming concentrated on specific cores. Our experiments show that compared with existing virtualization environments, ISACS provides a higher I/O performance with a negligible impact on CPU performance.
AB - With the evolution of cloud technology, the number of user applications is increasing, and computational workloads are becoming increasingly diverse and unpredictable. However, cloud data centers still exhibit a low I/O performance because of the scheduling policies employed, which are based on the degree of physical CPU (pCPU) occupancy. Notably, existing scheduling policies cannot guarantee good I/O performance because of the uncertainty of the extent of I/O occurrence and the lack of fine-grained workload classification. To overcome these limitations, we propose ISACS, an I/O strength-aware credit scheduler for virtualized environments. Based on the Credit2 scheduler, ISACS provides a fine-grained workload-aware scheduling technique to mitigate I/O performance degradation in virtualized environments. Further, ISACS uses the event channel mechanism in the virtualization architecture to expand the scope of the scheduling information area and measures the I/O strength of each virtual CPU (vCPU) in the run-queue. Then, ISACS allocates two types of virtual credits for all vCPUs in the run-queue to increase I/O performance and concurrently prevent CPU performance degradation. Finally, through I/O load balancing, ISACS prevents I/O-intensive vCPUs from becoming concentrated on specific cores. Our experiments show that compared with existing virtualization environments, ISACS provides a higher I/O performance with a negligible impact on CPU performance.
KW - Cloud
KW - Hypervisor
KW - I/O performance
KW - Resource management
KW - Scheduler
KW - Virtualization
KW - Workload aware
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U2 - 10.3390/electronics9122107
DO - 10.3390/electronics9122107
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85097411731
VL - 9
SP - 1
EP - 28
JO - Electronics (Switzerland)
JF - Electronics (Switzerland)
SN - 2079-9292
IS - 12
M1 - 2107
ER -