TY - JOUR
T1 - Measuring air core characteristics of a pressure-swirl atomizer via a transparent acrylic nozzle at various Reynolds numbers
AU - Lee, Eun J.
AU - Oh, Sang Youp
AU - Kim, Ho Y.
AU - James, Scott C.
AU - Yoon, Sam S.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant from Development of Engine System for HEV Project, funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. The last author acknowledges that this study was partially supported by a grant from the cooperative R&D Program (B551179-08-03-00) funded by the Korea Research Council Industrial Science and Technology and also by KETEP (2009-3021010030-11-1).
PY - 2010/11
Y1 - 2010/11
N2 - Because of thermal fluid-property dependence, atomization stability (or flow regime) can change even at fixed operating conditions when subject to temperature change. Particularly at low temperatures, fuel's high viscosity can prevent a pressure-swirl (or simplex) atomizer from sustaining a centrifugal-driven air core within the fuel injector. During disruption of the air core inside an injector, spray characteristics outside the nozzle reflect a highly unstable, nonlinear mode where air core length, Sauter mean diameter (SMD), cone angle, and discharge coefficient variability. To better understand injector performance, these characteristics of the pressure-swirl atomizer were experimentally investigated and data were correlated to Reynolds numbers (Re). Using a transparent acrylic nozzle, the air core length, SMD, cone angle, and discharge coefficient are observed as a function of Re. The critical Reynolds numbers that distinguish the transition from unstable mode to transitional mode and eventually to a stable mode are reported. The working fluids are diesel and a kerosene-based fuel, referred to as bunker-A.
AB - Because of thermal fluid-property dependence, atomization stability (or flow regime) can change even at fixed operating conditions when subject to temperature change. Particularly at low temperatures, fuel's high viscosity can prevent a pressure-swirl (or simplex) atomizer from sustaining a centrifugal-driven air core within the fuel injector. During disruption of the air core inside an injector, spray characteristics outside the nozzle reflect a highly unstable, nonlinear mode where air core length, Sauter mean diameter (SMD), cone angle, and discharge coefficient variability. To better understand injector performance, these characteristics of the pressure-swirl atomizer were experimentally investigated and data were correlated to Reynolds numbers (Re). Using a transparent acrylic nozzle, the air core length, SMD, cone angle, and discharge coefficient are observed as a function of Re. The critical Reynolds numbers that distinguish the transition from unstable mode to transitional mode and eventually to a stable mode are reported. The working fluids are diesel and a kerosene-based fuel, referred to as bunker-A.
KW - Air core
KW - Fuel injector performance
KW - Swirl spray
KW - Temperature effect
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77956175378&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.07.010
DO - 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.07.010
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77956175378
SN - 0894-1777
VL - 34
SP - 1475
EP - 1483
JO - Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science
JF - Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science
IS - 8
ER -