TY - JOUR
T1 - Novel genes and hormonal regulation for gonadal development during embryogenesis in chickens
AU - Lim, Whasun
AU - Song, Gwonhwa
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by Basic Science Research Program ( 2013R1A1A2A10005948 ) through the National Research Foundation of Korea ( NRF ) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology , South Korea. The authors thank members of the Song laboratory for their constant support and appreciate Dr. Fuller W. Bazer (Texas A&M University, USA) for thoughtful editing and comments on our paper and Dr. Wooyoung Jeong (Dankook University, Korea) for experimental assistance.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2015/1/5
Y1 - 2015/1/5
N2 - Asymmetrical gonadal morphogenesis is well known in female chickens in contrast to males where both gonads develop symmetrically. However, only a few genes have been reported to determine differential morphology between female and male gonads in chicken and their mechanisms of action are unclear. Therefore, we focused on three genes (TOM1L1, TTR, and ZEB1) that are related to cellular proliferation and embryonic development based on previous study indicating up- or down-regulated transcripts in the asymmetric female gonads between embryonic day 6 (E6) and E9 by microarray analyses. To define the validity of the gene expression pattern discovered, q-PCR and in situ hybridization analyses were performed. In the left female gonad between E6 and E9 the expression of TOM1L1, TTR and ZEB1 increased at E9. On the other hand, TOM1L1 and TTR increased significantly in both male gonads between E6 and E9. In addition, recombinant FSH and LH stimulated proliferation of gonadal cells and influenced expression of selected genes in chickens. This suggests that hormonal regulation is involved in growth and development in the embryonic gonad of chickens. Collectively, the results show differential gene expression between the left and right gonads in chicken embryos and that of is regulated by gonadotropin. These results provide novel insights into candidate genes regulating gonad development and differentiation.
AB - Asymmetrical gonadal morphogenesis is well known in female chickens in contrast to males where both gonads develop symmetrically. However, only a few genes have been reported to determine differential morphology between female and male gonads in chicken and their mechanisms of action are unclear. Therefore, we focused on three genes (TOM1L1, TTR, and ZEB1) that are related to cellular proliferation and embryonic development based on previous study indicating up- or down-regulated transcripts in the asymmetric female gonads between embryonic day 6 (E6) and E9 by microarray analyses. To define the validity of the gene expression pattern discovered, q-PCR and in situ hybridization analyses were performed. In the left female gonad between E6 and E9 the expression of TOM1L1, TTR and ZEB1 increased at E9. On the other hand, TOM1L1 and TTR increased significantly in both male gonads between E6 and E9. In addition, recombinant FSH and LH stimulated proliferation of gonadal cells and influenced expression of selected genes in chickens. This suggests that hormonal regulation is involved in growth and development in the embryonic gonad of chickens. Collectively, the results show differential gene expression between the left and right gonads in chicken embryos and that of is regulated by gonadotropin. These results provide novel insights into candidate genes regulating gonad development and differentiation.
KW - Asymmetric development
KW - Chicken
KW - Embryo
KW - Gonad
KW - Reproductive hormones
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84922748947&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.11.009
DO - 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.11.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 25452029
AN - SCOPUS:84922748947
SN - 0016-6480
VL - 211
SP - 20
EP - 27
JO - General and Comparative Endocrinology
JF - General and Comparative Endocrinology
ER -