TY - JOUR
T1 - Percutaneous transforaminal epidural injection method in an experimental rat
T2 - Minimally invasivedrug delivery method to spinal epidural space
AU - Kim, Nack Hwan
AU - Lee, Sang Heon
AU - Lee, Seok Jun
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Objective: To compare a newly developed minimally-invasive method for percutaneous transforaminalepidural injection (INJ group) with the existing method for lumbar epidural catheterization (CATH group).Method: Through anatomical review of experimental rats, the cephalic one fourth of the neural foramen was selected as the target point for drug delivery. After the rats had undergone lumbar epidural catheterization, lidocaine, and 1% methylene blue were injected through the unilateral or bilateral L5/6 neural foramen in the INJ group, and through an epidural catheter in the CATH group. Measurement of body weight and the mechanical allodynia test before and after injection of lidocaine, and fine dissection after injection were performed.Results: Results of the mechanical allodynia test of 1.0% lidocaine 50 μl injection in the CATH group were statistically similar to those of 0.5% lidocaine 100 μl injection in the INJ group. The results of 2.0% lidocaine 50 μl injection in the CATH group were statistically similar to those of 1.0% lidocaine 100 ml injection in the INJ group. After dissection, only one distal partial spinal nerve was stained by methylene blue 50 μl through the transforaminal pathway. However, the dorsal root ganglion, nerve root, and adjacent hemi-partial spinal cord were stained by methylene blue 100 ml through the transforaminal pathway.Conclusion: The percutaneous transforaminal epidural injection is practical, easy, and safe, and, in particular, does not cause significant pain compared to the existing lumbar epidural catheterization. We expect this method to be effective in an animal study showing that drug delivery to the spinal epidural space is necessary.
AB - Objective: To compare a newly developed minimally-invasive method for percutaneous transforaminalepidural injection (INJ group) with the existing method for lumbar epidural catheterization (CATH group).Method: Through anatomical review of experimental rats, the cephalic one fourth of the neural foramen was selected as the target point for drug delivery. After the rats had undergone lumbar epidural catheterization, lidocaine, and 1% methylene blue were injected through the unilateral or bilateral L5/6 neural foramen in the INJ group, and through an epidural catheter in the CATH group. Measurement of body weight and the mechanical allodynia test before and after injection of lidocaine, and fine dissection after injection were performed.Results: Results of the mechanical allodynia test of 1.0% lidocaine 50 μl injection in the CATH group were statistically similar to those of 0.5% lidocaine 100 μl injection in the INJ group. The results of 2.0% lidocaine 50 μl injection in the CATH group were statistically similar to those of 1.0% lidocaine 100 ml injection in the INJ group. After dissection, only one distal partial spinal nerve was stained by methylene blue 50 μl through the transforaminal pathway. However, the dorsal root ganglion, nerve root, and adjacent hemi-partial spinal cord were stained by methylene blue 100 ml through the transforaminal pathway.Conclusion: The percutaneous transforaminal epidural injection is practical, easy, and safe, and, in particular, does not cause significant pain compared to the existing lumbar epidural catheterization. We expect this method to be effective in an animal study showing that drug delivery to the spinal epidural space is necessary.
KW - Animal study
KW - Epidural catheterization
KW - Lidocaine
KW - Pain
KW - Transforaminal
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U2 - 10.5535/arm.2012.36.5.640
DO - 10.5535/arm.2012.36.5.640
M3 - Article
C2 - 23185728
AN - SCOPUS:84872565436
VL - 36
SP - 640
EP - 647
JO - Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
JF - Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
SN - 2234-0645
IS - 5
ER -