TY - JOUR
T1 - Persulfate-Based Advanced Oxidation
T2 - Critical Assessment of Opportunities and Roadblocks
AU - Lee, Jaesang
AU - Von Gunten, Urs
AU - Kim, Jae Hong
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) [No. NRF-2018R1A4A1022194] and the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government [No. NRF-2017R1A2B4002235].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2020/3/17
Y1 - 2020/3/17
N2 - Reports that promote persulfate-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) as a viable alternative to hydrogen peroxide-based processes have been rapidly accumulating in recent water treatment literature. Various strategies to activate peroxide bonds in persulfate precursors have been proposed and the capacity to degrade a wide range of organic pollutants has been demonstrated. Compared to traditional AOPs in which hydroxyl radical serves as the main oxidant, persulfate-based AOPs have been claimed to involve different in situ generated oxidants such as sulfate radical and singlet oxygen as well as nonradical oxidation pathways. However, there exist controversial observations and interpretations around some of these claims, challenging robust scientific progress of this technology toward practical use. This Critical Review comparatively examines the activation mechanisms of peroxymonosulfate and peroxydisulfate and the formation pathways of oxidizing species. Properties of the main oxidizing species are scrutinized and the role of singlet oxygen is debated. In addition, the impacts of water parameters and constituents such as pH, background organic matter, halide, phosphate, and carbonate on persulfate-driven chemistry are discussed. The opportunity for niche applications is also presented, emphasizing the need for parallel efforts to remove currently prevalent knowledge roadblocks.
AB - Reports that promote persulfate-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) as a viable alternative to hydrogen peroxide-based processes have been rapidly accumulating in recent water treatment literature. Various strategies to activate peroxide bonds in persulfate precursors have been proposed and the capacity to degrade a wide range of organic pollutants has been demonstrated. Compared to traditional AOPs in which hydroxyl radical serves as the main oxidant, persulfate-based AOPs have been claimed to involve different in situ generated oxidants such as sulfate radical and singlet oxygen as well as nonradical oxidation pathways. However, there exist controversial observations and interpretations around some of these claims, challenging robust scientific progress of this technology toward practical use. This Critical Review comparatively examines the activation mechanisms of peroxymonosulfate and peroxydisulfate and the formation pathways of oxidizing species. Properties of the main oxidizing species are scrutinized and the role of singlet oxygen is debated. In addition, the impacts of water parameters and constituents such as pH, background organic matter, halide, phosphate, and carbonate on persulfate-driven chemistry are discussed. The opportunity for niche applications is also presented, emphasizing the need for parallel efforts to remove currently prevalent knowledge roadblocks.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85081690581&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.est.9b07082
DO - 10.1021/acs.est.9b07082
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32062964
AN - SCOPUS:85081690581
VL - 54
SP - 3064
EP - 3081
JO - Environmental Science and Technology
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
SN - 0013-936X
IS - 6
ER -