Abstract
Background: Depressive symptoms have been found to be associated with decreased hand-grip strength (HGS) and low socioeconomic status (SES) in older adults. We aimed to investigate the potential moderating effect of SES on the association between HGS and depressive symptoms and the potential mediating effect of HGS on the association between SES and depressive symptoms using a nationally representative sample of older adults. Method: Data from 3169 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older were acquired from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014 and 2016. HGS was measured using a digital hand-grip dynamometer. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 9-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). SES was assessed using equivalent monthly household income and education level. Results: Older adults in the lowest tertile of HGS measures were more likely to have experienced depressive symptoms compared to those in the highest tertile (odds ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval = 1.25–2.74). A significant moderating effect of household income level was observed on the association between HGS and PHQ-9 score (P = 0.014). Older adults with a low income had a stronger inverse correlation between HGS and PHQ-9 score compared to those with a high income (low income: beta = −0.162, P < 0.001; high income: beta = −0.119, P = 0.036). HGS partially mediated the association between low income and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there may be a stronger relationship between low HGS and depressive symptoms in socioeconomically deprived older people. Further research on muscle strength and income level in older adults is required regarding depression risk assessment.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 263-270 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Journal of Affective Disorders |
| Volume | 252 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2019 Jun 1 |
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Keywords
- Depression
- Education
- Elderly
- Hand-grip strength
- Income
- Socioeconomic status
- Suicidal ideation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Clinical Psychology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Cite this
Relationships between hand-grip strength, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. / Han, Kyu Man; Chang, Jisoon; Yoon, Ho-Kyoung; Ko, Young-Hoon; Ham, Byung-Joo; Kim, Yong Ku; Han, Changsu.
In: Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 252, 01.06.2019, p. 263-270.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Relationships between hand-grip strength, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults
AU - Han, Kyu Man
AU - Chang, Jisoon
AU - Yoon, Ho-Kyoung
AU - Ko, Young-Hoon
AU - Ham, Byung-Joo
AU - Kim, Yong Ku
AU - Han, Changsu
PY - 2019/6/1
Y1 - 2019/6/1
N2 - Background: Depressive symptoms have been found to be associated with decreased hand-grip strength (HGS) and low socioeconomic status (SES) in older adults. We aimed to investigate the potential moderating effect of SES on the association between HGS and depressive symptoms and the potential mediating effect of HGS on the association between SES and depressive symptoms using a nationally representative sample of older adults. Method: Data from 3169 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older were acquired from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014 and 2016. HGS was measured using a digital hand-grip dynamometer. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 9-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). SES was assessed using equivalent monthly household income and education level. Results: Older adults in the lowest tertile of HGS measures were more likely to have experienced depressive symptoms compared to those in the highest tertile (odds ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval = 1.25–2.74). A significant moderating effect of household income level was observed on the association between HGS and PHQ-9 score (P = 0.014). Older adults with a low income had a stronger inverse correlation between HGS and PHQ-9 score compared to those with a high income (low income: beta = −0.162, P < 0.001; high income: beta = −0.119, P = 0.036). HGS partially mediated the association between low income and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there may be a stronger relationship between low HGS and depressive symptoms in socioeconomically deprived older people. Further research on muscle strength and income level in older adults is required regarding depression risk assessment.
AB - Background: Depressive symptoms have been found to be associated with decreased hand-grip strength (HGS) and low socioeconomic status (SES) in older adults. We aimed to investigate the potential moderating effect of SES on the association between HGS and depressive symptoms and the potential mediating effect of HGS on the association between SES and depressive symptoms using a nationally representative sample of older adults. Method: Data from 3169 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older were acquired from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014 and 2016. HGS was measured using a digital hand-grip dynamometer. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 9-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). SES was assessed using equivalent monthly household income and education level. Results: Older adults in the lowest tertile of HGS measures were more likely to have experienced depressive symptoms compared to those in the highest tertile (odds ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval = 1.25–2.74). A significant moderating effect of household income level was observed on the association between HGS and PHQ-9 score (P = 0.014). Older adults with a low income had a stronger inverse correlation between HGS and PHQ-9 score compared to those with a high income (low income: beta = −0.162, P < 0.001; high income: beta = −0.119, P = 0.036). HGS partially mediated the association between low income and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there may be a stronger relationship between low HGS and depressive symptoms in socioeconomically deprived older people. Further research on muscle strength and income level in older adults is required regarding depression risk assessment.
KW - Depression
KW - Education
KW - Elderly
KW - Hand-grip strength
KW - Income
KW - Socioeconomic status
KW - Suicidal ideation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064112485&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85064112485&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.023
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.023
M3 - Article
C2 - 30991254
AN - SCOPUS:85064112485
VL - 252
SP - 263
EP - 270
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
SN - 0165-0327
ER -