TY - JOUR
T1 - Scalable Functionalization of Polyaniline-Grafted rGO Field-Effect Transistors for a Highly Sensitive Enzymatic Acetylcholine Biosensor
AU - Park, Dongsung
AU - Lee, Dongtak
AU - Kim, Hye Jin
AU - Yoon, Dae Sung
AU - Hwang, Kyo Seon
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [grant numbers NRF-2018M3C1B7020722 and NRF-2021R1A2C2004760] and the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) [grant number HU21C0053].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - For decades, acetylcholine (Ach) has been considered a critical biomarker for several degenerative brain diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and schizophrenia. Here, we propose a wafer-scale fabrication of polyaniline (PAni)-grafted graphene-based field-effect transistors (PGFET) and their biosensing applications for highly sensitive and reliable real-time monitoring of Ach in flow configuration. The grafted PAni provides suitable electrostatic binding sites for enzyme immobilization and enhances the pH sensitivity (2.68%/pH), compared to that of bare graphene-FET (1.81%/pH) for a pH range of 3–9 without any pH-hysteresis. We further evaluated the PGFET’s sensing performance for Ach detection with a limit of detection at the nanomolar level and significantly improved sensitivity (~103%) in the concentration range of 108 nM to 2 mM. Moreover, the PGFET exhibits excellent selectivity against various interferences, including glucose, ascorbic acid, and neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. Finally, we investigated the effects of an inhibitor (rivastigmine) on the AchE activity of the PGFET. From the results, we demonstrated that the PGFET has great potential as a real-time drug-screening platform by monitoring the inhibitory effects on enzymatic activity.
AB - For decades, acetylcholine (Ach) has been considered a critical biomarker for several degenerative brain diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and schizophrenia. Here, we propose a wafer-scale fabrication of polyaniline (PAni)-grafted graphene-based field-effect transistors (PGFET) and their biosensing applications for highly sensitive and reliable real-time monitoring of Ach in flow configuration. The grafted PAni provides suitable electrostatic binding sites for enzyme immobilization and enhances the pH sensitivity (2.68%/pH), compared to that of bare graphene-FET (1.81%/pH) for a pH range of 3–9 without any pH-hysteresis. We further evaluated the PGFET’s sensing performance for Ach detection with a limit of detection at the nanomolar level and significantly improved sensitivity (~103%) in the concentration range of 108 nM to 2 mM. Moreover, the PGFET exhibits excellent selectivity against various interferences, including glucose, ascorbic acid, and neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. Finally, we investigated the effects of an inhibitor (rivastigmine) on the AchE activity of the PGFET. From the results, we demonstrated that the PGFET has great potential as a real-time drug-screening platform by monitoring the inhibitory effects on enzymatic activity.
KW - acetylcholine
KW - acetylcholinesterase
KW - drug screening
KW - field-effect transistor (FET)
KW - pH-sensing
KW - polyaniline
KW - reduced graphene oxide
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129602653&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/bios12050279
DO - 10.3390/bios12050279
M3 - Article
C2 - 35624580
AN - SCOPUS:85129602653
SN - 2079-6374
VL - 12
JO - Biosensors
JF - Biosensors
IS - 5
M1 - 279
ER -