Seasonal variation of overactive bladder symptoms in female patients

Purpose: To evaluate seasonal variations of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in women who visited hospital clinics. Methods: Medical records of female patients treated for OAB symptoms from January 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with pyuria at the first visit, those who did not complete the questionnaire, and those with < 3 overactive bladder symptom scores (OABSS) were excluded. Uroflowmetric parameters, 3-day micturition diary, and OABSS were analyzed. Results: A total of 582 patients with OAB symptoms who visited the hospital were enrolled in this study. Patients were grouped into 1 of the 3 season groups (cold, intermediate, and hot) depending on the average temperature of the month that the patient first visited the urologic department outpatient clinic. The total OABSS was significantly different between the 3 season groups (cold [7.25 ± 3.20] vs. intermediate [6.24 ± 3.40] vs. hot [5.51 ± 3.20], P = 0.001). The proportion of patients who had moderate OAB symptoms (6 ≤ OABSS) was higher in the cold season group (56.2%) than in the other season groups (intermediate, 42.1%; hot, 31.8%; P = 0.002). Differences in the number of micturitions (12.12 ± 4.56 vs. 10.95 ± 4.39, P = 0.021) and number of urgent urinary incontinence episodes (2.06 ± 0.94 vs. 2.48 ± 0.87, P = 0.001) between the cold and hot season groups were also significant. However, differences in the nocturia episode, total daytime voided volume, and mean voided volume between season groups were not significant. Conclusions: Different urinary symptoms and uroflowmetric parameters were correlated with seasonal variation. OAB symptoms might be worse in cold season than in other seasons.