Sphingomonas changnyeongensis sp. Nov. isolated from the hapcheon–changnyeong barrage area in the nakdong river

The novel bacterial strain C33^T was isolated from a freshwater sample collected from the Hapcheon–Changnyeong barrage. The Gram-negative, motile, yellow-pigmented strain C33^T was characterized as a rod-shaped and strictly aerobic bacterium. A 16S-rRNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that this strain was most closely related to Sphingomonas changbaiensis V2M44^T, Sphingomonas tabacisoli X1-8^T, and Sphingomonas flavalba ZLT-5^T with 97.1, 97.0, and 95.0% 16S-rRNA sequence similari-ties, respectively. The genomic DNA GC content of strain C33^T was estimated at 65.0 mol%. The average nucleotide identity of strain C33^T relative to S. changbaiensis V2M44^T and S. flavalba ZLT-5^T was found to be 77.0 and 75.6%, with average amino-acid identities of 69.9, and 66.7%, and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of 21.3 and 17.7%, respectively. The cells grew at 19–37 °C and pH 6–9 with 0–0.5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum: 28 °C, pH 6.5, and 0% NaCl). The major component identified in the polyamine pattern was sym-homospermidine, and the main ubiquinone was Q-10. The predominant polar lipids characterized were diphophatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phos-phatidyldimethylethanolamine, and sphingoglycolipid. Iso-C_15:0, C_15:0 anteiso, and summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω6c and/or C_16:1 ω7c) were found to be the primary cellular fatty acids in strain C33^T. Based on these genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, strain C33^T was classified as a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas; and the name Sphingomonas changnyeongensis sp. nov. is proposed (=KACC 21511^T=JCM 33880^T).