@article{21bbf4f89d6849e18b7182e38e262b95,
title = "Stable Formamidinium-Based Perovskite Solar Cells via In Situ Grain Encapsulation",
abstract = "Formamidinium (FA)-based lead iodide perovskites have emerged as the most promising light-absorber materials in the prevailing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, they suffer from the phase-instability issue in the ambient atmosphere, which is holding back the realization of the full potential of FA-based PSCs in the context of high efficiency and stability. Herein, the tetraethylorthosilicate hydrolysis process is integrated with the solution crystallization of FA-based perovskites, forming a new film structure with individual perovskite grains encapsulated by amorphous silica layers that are in situ formed at the nanoscale. The silica not only protects perovskite grains from the degradation but also enhances the charge-carrier dynamics of perovskite films. The underlying mechanism is discussed using a joint experiment-theory approach. Through this in situ grain encapsulation method, PSCs show an efficiency close to 20% with an impressive 97% retention after 1000-h storage under ambient conditions.",
keywords = "charge transport, encapsulate, perovskite, silica, stability",
author = "Tanghao Liu and Yuanyuan Zhou and Zhen Li and Lin Zhang and Ju, {Ming Gang} and Deying Luo and Ye Yang and Mengjin Yang and Kim, {Dong Hoe} and Wenqiang Yang and Padture, {Nitin P.} and Beard, {Matthew C.} and Zeng, {Xiao Cheng} and Kai Zhu and Qihuang Gong and Rui Zhu",
note = "Funding Information: T.L., D.L., W.Y., R.Z., and Q.G. acknowledge the funding from 973 Program of China (2015CB932203), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61722501, 61377025, 91433203, and 91733301) and Young 1000 Talents Global Recruitment Program of China. T.L., Y.Z., L.Z., and N.P.P. thank the funding from National Science Foundation (OIA-1538893) and the Office of Naval Research (N00014-17-1-2232) for the research funding. M.-G.J. and X.C.Z. thank National Science Foundation (OIA-1538893). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, Limited Liability Company (LLC), the Manager and Operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. M.Y., Z.L., D.H.K., and K.Z. acknowledge the hybrid perovskite solar cell program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technologies Office. Y.Y. and M.C.B. acknowledge the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science within the U.S. Department of Energy. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim",
year = "2018",
month = aug,
day = "6",
doi = "10.1002/aenm.201800232",
language = "English",
volume = "8",
journal = "Advanced Energy Materials",
issn = "1614-6832",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",
number = "22",
}
