@article{496e1b4d67e94f60aa9d481da015e97f,
title = "Wood-based biochar for the removal of potentially toxic elements in water and wastewater: a critical review",
abstract = "Recently, biochar has received significant attention, especially for the removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from water and wastewater. No review has been focused on the potential use of wood-based biochar (WB) for the removal of PTEs in water and wastewater. Here, we have critically reviewed the (i) preparation and characterisation of WB; (ii) removal efficiency of WB for PTEs in water with respect to its physicochemical characteristics, biochar/water ratio, pH, and sorption system; (iii) removal mechanisms of PTEs by WB; (iv) fate of the sorbed PTEs onto WB; and (v) recovery of the sorbed PTEs from the resultant sludge of WB. We also discussed the removal of PTEs by engineered/designer WB as compared to pristine WB. This review demonstrates the overarching scientific opportunities for a comprehensive understanding of using WB as an emerging biosorbent and a promising low-cost and effective material for the remediation of PTEs contaminated water.",
keywords = "Lignocellulosic biomass, biosorption, inorganic contaminants, pyrolysis, remediation, wastewater",
author = "Shaheen, {Sabry M.} and Niazi, {Nabeel Khan} and Hassan, {Noha E.E.} and Irshad Bibi and Hailong Wang and Tsang, {Daniel C.W.} and Ok, {Yong Sik} and Nanthi Bolan and J{\"o}rg Rinklebe",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank the German Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Humboldt Foundation for financial support of the experienced researcher's fellowships of Professor Dr Shaheen [Ref 3.4 - EGY - 1185373 - GF-E] at the University of Wuppertal, Germany, and Dr Bibi [Ref 3.5 - PAK - 1164117 - GFHERMES-P] at the University of Bremen, Germany. Drs Niazi and Bibi are thankful to the International Foundation for Science [IFS, Sweden; W/5698], Higher Education Commission, Pakistan [Project Nos. 6425/Punjab/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2016 and 6396/Punjab/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2016], Pakistan and University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Funding Information: The authors thank the German Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Humboldt Foundation for financial support of the experienced researcher{\textquoteright}s fellowships of Professor Dr Shaheen [Ref 3.4 - EGY - 1185373 - GF-E] at the University of Wup-pertal, Germany, and Dr Bibi [Ref 3.5 - PAK - 1164117 - GFHERMES-P] at the University of Bremen, Germany. Drs Niazi and Bibi are thankful to the International Foundation for Science [IFS, Sweden; W/5698], Higher Education Commission, Pakistan [Project Nos. 6425/Punjab/NRPU/ R&D/HEC/2016 and 6396/Punjab/NRPU/R&D/HEC/ 2016], Pakistan and University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, {\textcopyright} 2018 Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining and ASM International Published by Taylor & Francis on behalf of the Institute and ASM International.",
year = "2019",
month = may,
day = "19",
doi = "10.1080/09506608.2018.1473096",
language = "English",
volume = "64",
pages = "216--247",
journal = "International Materials Reviews",
issn = "0950-6608",
publisher = "Maney Publishing",
number = "4",
}