TY - JOUR
T1 - Yeast (1 → 3)-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucan alleviates immunosuppression in gemcitabine-treated mice
AU - Chae, Jin Sung
AU - Shin, Hocheol
AU - Song, Youngju
AU - Kang, Hee
AU - Yeom, Chang Hwan
AU - Lee, Sukchan
AU - Choi, Youn Seon
PY - 2019/9/1
Y1 - 2019/9/1
N2 - Gemcitabine (2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluorocytidine, dFdC) is one of the most effective chemotherapy drugs commonly used for treatment of various tumors. Despite its significant anticancer effects, some adverse effects create obstacles to treatment. The main toxicity of gemcitabine is myelosuppression, which not only reduces patient quality of life, but also hinders further anticancer treatment. In this respect, immunotherapy can address these drawbacks because of its ability to enhance the patient's immune system. To improve immune system function, yeast-derived β-glucans, which are well-known biologic response modifiers, were administered to gemcitabine-treated mice. The in vivo experiment revealed that orally administered yeast (1 → 3)-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucan effectively alleviated myelosuppression associated with gemcitabine-induced pancytopenia. Moreover, analysis of myelopoiesis-related cytokine expression through real-time PCR demonstrated that β-glucan treatment significantly upregulated hematopoietic responses in gemcitabine-treated mice. Furthermore, orally administered β-glucan significantly induced the expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 in splenocytes of gemcitabine-treated mice. It also restored the cytotoxicity of splenocytes against YAC-1 in gemcitabine-treated mice and displayed a positive effect on gemcitabine-damaged bone marrow tissue. In conclusion, yeast β-glucans have the potential to be used as adjuvants for alleviating chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression in patients.
AB - Gemcitabine (2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluorocytidine, dFdC) is one of the most effective chemotherapy drugs commonly used for treatment of various tumors. Despite its significant anticancer effects, some adverse effects create obstacles to treatment. The main toxicity of gemcitabine is myelosuppression, which not only reduces patient quality of life, but also hinders further anticancer treatment. In this respect, immunotherapy can address these drawbacks because of its ability to enhance the patient's immune system. To improve immune system function, yeast-derived β-glucans, which are well-known biologic response modifiers, were administered to gemcitabine-treated mice. The in vivo experiment revealed that orally administered yeast (1 → 3)-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucan effectively alleviated myelosuppression associated with gemcitabine-induced pancytopenia. Moreover, analysis of myelopoiesis-related cytokine expression through real-time PCR demonstrated that β-glucan treatment significantly upregulated hematopoietic responses in gemcitabine-treated mice. Furthermore, orally administered β-glucan significantly induced the expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 in splenocytes of gemcitabine-treated mice. It also restored the cytotoxicity of splenocytes against YAC-1 in gemcitabine-treated mice and displayed a positive effect on gemcitabine-damaged bone marrow tissue. In conclusion, yeast β-glucans have the potential to be used as adjuvants for alleviating chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression in patients.
KW - Gemcitabine
KW - Hematopoiesis
KW - Immunosuppression
KW - Insoluble yeast β-glucan
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85068230321&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85068230321&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.009
DO - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 31170489
AN - SCOPUS:85068230321
VL - 136
SP - 1169
EP - 1175
JO - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
JF - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
SN - 0141-8130
ER -